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Inspection & Testing Methods : City & Guilds 2392-10 fundamental Course

( Before : Test prior to the Installation being Energized )

Test – Sequence of Tests ,

( 1 ) Continuity of Bonding conductors and Protective conductors’ : Low reading ohmmeter 
( 2 ) Continuity of Ring Final Circuit Conductors’ : Low reading ohmmeter 
( 3 ) Insulation Resistance : 500V dc : 1.0m TN-C-S systems 0.4 s under 32A
• Instrument setting used for conducting insulation resistance Tests ( m ) C/G
( 4 ) ” Dead Test ” Polarity of each circuit : *** Low reading ohmmeter 
• Which one of the following ” Dead Tests ” should also be repeated ” Live” ( Polarity ) C/G

“ After ” : Test Following Installation being Energized :

( 1 ) Earth fault loop impedance : ( Ze ) ( Zs )
( 2 ) Live polarity of Supply : ***
( 3 ) Prospective fault current : ( PFC ) ***
• PSCC : the expected current during a short-circuit fault the ( Prospective Short- Circuit Current ( PSCC ) C/G

( 4 ) Functional testing : ( RCD Testing )
• Which one of the following devices is Not designed to protect against Overload Currents C/G
• This is Designed to protect against Earth Leakage Currents Only ( RCD )

“Continuity of Bonding Conductors “
( 1 ) Safely isolate the Supply :

( 2 ) Disconnect one end of the Conductor , preferably the end at the Consumer unit :

( 3 ) ( Null out test Leads ) or ( Record and remember to Subtract from End Result )

( 4 ) Connect one test Lead at the Consumers units Disconnected end :

( 5 ) Connect the other test Lead to Metal work of which the Conductor you are Testing is Connected to
( Ensure any painted Metal work has been Scratched off , to make a Solid connection )
By not Connecting it to the Clamp will prove that the Integrity of that Clamp is Efficient enough / Correct BS-951 :

( 6 ) Test – the Result will give the Total resistance of the Conductor :
( Remembering to Subtract the Test Leads Resistance , if not Previously pulled out )

( 7 ) Re – Connect Bonding Conductor :

Documents :
( a ) Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 :
( b ) Health and Safety Executive Guidance Note GS38 :
( c ) BS7671 – Requirements for Electrical Installations :

Instruments
( Before : Test prior to the Installation energized )
( a ) Continuity of protective conductors – Low reading ohmmeter 
( b ) Continuity ring final circuit – Low reading ohmmeter 
( c ) Insulation resistance – Insulation resistance tester M
( d ) Live polarity – GS38 compliant voltmeter or test lamp
( e ) multi - probe test instrument : Earth electrode tester
Insulation Resistance 230V Installation : M
500V
250 dc 0.5 M
500 dc 1 M
RCD tests :
( a ) Earth loop impedance determines that an earth fault loop path exists ( Earth loop impedance tester )
( b ) Functional test determines that the RCD will actually operate in the event of a fault – electro-mechanical test using the ‘T’ button
( c ) Max test current for 100mA RCD is 100mA

IP Codes :
Intermediate barriers – IP2X or IPXXB
Horizontal top surfaces

( i ) Continuity and “ R2 “

( ii ) Earth fault loop impedance . ( Zs ) is the Measurement of the whole of the Fault path

Columns ( 6 ) and ( 7 ) of the Schedule of test Results page : 341
Require Measurements of ( R1 + R2 ) or R2 to be noted , may be simply a continuity test To ensure that the Line
and the Protective Conductors’ are Continuous ,

( R1 + R2 ) may also be recorded : ( Checking that the Earth Fault Loop Impedance is Sufficiently Low : and R2
: The requirements of the alternative method are met – see regs : page 243 ?


( Single phase TN-C-S installation has a Ze of 0.015 ohms. Calculate Prospective fault current :

Appendix 3 of BS7671 gives this relationship:

Uo
Zs = ------ where Uo = open circuit voltage at transformer , and is taken as 230 V
Ia

Uo 230
So the calculation is : Ia = ------ = -------- = 15333. kA ( 16 kA
Zs 0.015
 
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Re: *City & Guilds 2392-10 Course Info*

* It is a Requirement of BS 7671 that a “ Schedule of test results “ should always be Attached to an
Electrical Installation Certificate for :

Answer : New Installations , Alterations or Additions to existing installations , ( Initial Verification ) 632.1

* BS 7671 Requires that the person Ordering installation work must be Informed of the :
Answer : Need for Periodic testing : 634.1

* Which one of the following is the Required test procedure if an existing installation is extended to
Extra lighting and socket-outlets :
Answer : All relevant test must be carried out :

* Which one of the following factors does Not affect the Frequency of the Periodic Inspection :
( 1 ) Type of Installation ,
( 2 ) Installation use and operation ,
( 3 ) Frequency of Maintenance ,
( 4 ) Supplies for Safety Services , Answer : 622.1

* Prior to an Inspection in Accordance with BS 7671 ,
The Competent person carrying out the test shall normally : 611.1
Answer : Disconnect the installation from the supply ,

* A Legible diagram , chart or table relating to an installation must be provided to indicate :
Answer : Any circuit of equipment vulnerable to a typical test , 514.9.1

* When a given Test result fails to comply with BS 7671 part 7 ,
The procedure to adopt after the fault has been rectified is that :
Answer : The Test that indicated the fault and those tests which may have been influenced by
The fault that preceded it should be repeated , 713.01.01 16th

* When testing the operation of a Residual current device it is Imperative that the potential of
The circuit protective conductor does not rise above Earth Potential by more than : Answer : 50 Volts ,

* The characteristic to be ascertained for an external supply in order that the breaking capacity
Of the Overload protective devices for an installation can be determined is :
Answer : Prospective Short Circuit Current ,

* With reference to the General Characteristics of an Electrical Installation ,
The maximum demand should be :
Answer : Assessed , taking diversity into account ,

Contents : part P

Standards & Regulations

Plan of the IEE Regulations : Site Applied Insulation

Safety : Protection by Separation of Circuits
Competent Persons : Protection by Barriers or Enclosures
Insulation of Non-conducting Locations
Polarity Test : ( low ohms ) ……. check line to earth
Earth Electrode Resistance 612.7
Earthing Systems ……………….. Earth Fault Loop Impedance * formula : Zs = Ze + R1 + R2
External Earth Fault Loop Impedance *

Reasons for Earthing ……………. Prospective Short Circuit Current * P.S.C.C 612.11
Earth Fault Path ………………… Residual Current Devices * 612.8
Earthing Arrangement …………... Functional Test * 612.13
Periodic Tests * 621.1

Inspection ………………………………… .. “ Documentation “

General Requirements
Initial Inspection …………………………….. Completion Certificate
Periodic Inspection …………………………. Alterations and Additions 633.
Frequency of Inspection & Testing ………… Periodic Inspection Report * 634.
Minor Works * p.331

Testing
Instrumentation requirements
Sequence for Testing
Continuity of Protective Conductors ( 1 )
Continuity of Ring Final Circuit Conductors ( 2 )
Insulation Resistance ( 3 )

“ Prospective Fault Current Test “

This is a ” Live Test “ and Great care must be Taken 

( PFC ) Prospective Fault Current : test instrument normally combined with an Earth Loop Impedance Test , “ Instrument “
The Measured value is normally shown in kA ( kilo amps )

Regulations 434.1 and 612.11 require that the Prospective Short Circuit Current : ( PSCC ) & the
Prospective Earth Fault Current : are Determined Once Determined , the highest Vaule must be “ Recored “

Prospective Short Circuit Current : is the Maximum Current that could “ Flow “ ( PSCC )

Between Phase & Neutral on a single – Phase Supply )
Or between Phase conductors on a Three – Phase Supply )

Prospective Earth Fault Current : is the Maximum Current that could “ Flow “ Between Live Conductors and Earth

( 1 ) Higher of these Values is know as Prospective Fault Current : ( PFC )

( 2 ) Highest Prospective Fault Current : will be at the Origin of the Installation and must be Measured as close -
To the Meter Position as possible , at the Main Switch for the Installation . Fault Loop
It is Measured between Phase & Neutral

This Can be Done by : to the

• Enquiry to the Supplier : ( 1 )
• Calculation : ( 2 )
• Measurement : ( 3 )

“ Enquiry “
( 1 ) Matter of a phone call to the Electricity Supplier of the Installation . you will get the Maximum ( PFC )
Usually this is a Lot higher than the Value will actually be , but if you use this Value you will be on the safe side ,

“ Calculation “
( 2 ) The ( PFC ) can only be Calculated on a TN-C-S System , This is because the Neutral of the Supply is used as
A ( PFC ) Prospective Earth & Neutral ( PEN ) Conductor Prospective When the Earth Fault Loop Impedance is Measured
Is in Ohms , To Convert this Value to Prospective Short Circuit Current : we must use the following Equation :

( 3 ) When the Earth Fault Loop Impedance is Measured is in Ohms
To Convert this Value to Prospective Short Circuit Current we must use following Equation : 230V

V
PSCC = ----- = I
Ze

Important to Remember that the Open Circuit Voltage of the Supply Transformer is Used Uoc 230V App : ( 2 )

( Ze ) is Measured at 0.28 Ohms 230V
------- = 821A
0.28

When you have Measured ( Ze ) on a TN-C-S System , set your instrument to ( PFC ) and repeat the Test ,
This will Give you the Value for ( PFC ) and save you doing the Calculation :

” Measurement “

This is a ” Live Test “ and Great care must be Taken 

( PFC )
This is carried out using a Prospective Fault Current “ Tester “ with all “ Tests “ it is Important
If you are Using Three-Lead Instrument with Leads and probes to ( GS 38 )

Step ( 1 ) Set instrument to ( PFC ) “ Prospective Fault Current “ ( 20k Ω ) 20.000 Ohm s

Step ( 2 ) Disconnect the Earth from the busbar , Place the probe onto the Disconnect Earth from the busbar 16mm2

Step ( 3 ) Place the probes on the Phase & Neutral Terminal at Supply Side of the Main Switch :

Step ( 4 ) Operate the Test button and Record the Reading :
When carrying out the “ Test “ Using a Three –Lead instrument with “ Leads “ to GS 38 ,
It is Important that the Instrument Instructions are Read and fully Understood before carrying out this “ Test “

This is a ” Live Test “ and Great care must be Taken 

Step ( i )
“ Connection for 3-Lead Instrument “
• Disconnect the Earth from the busbar 16mm2 : Probe on Earth ( 1st )
• Probe at Neutral at Supply Side of Main Switch :
• Probe at Phase at Supply Side of Main Switch :

Step ( ii )
“ Connection for 2-Lead Instrument “ Only “
• “ Probe “ at Neutral at Supply Side of Main Switch : ***
“ Joined Leads “ at “ Neutral “ and “ Earth “ Supply Side of Main Switch : ***
• “ Probe “ at Phase at Supply Side of Main Switch :


Step ( iii )
Operate the “ Test “ button and Record the Reading :

Step :
Some ( PSCC ) “ Prospective Short Circuit Current “ Instruments give the Measured Value in Ω Ohms, not ( kA )

Calculation , Ohms –Law
Measured Value is 0.08 Ω
Uoc in this Calculation ( 230V )
230
PSCC = ------- = 2875 Amp ( 6000 kA ) !!!
0.08

It is Important that the Short Circuit Capacity of any Protective Device fitted Exceeds the Maximum Current that could
Flow at this Point at which they are fitted ,
( PFC ) Regs : 432.3 will be Satisfied
O.S.G. 7.4 P 57
 
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City & Guilds 2392-10 Course notes

City & Guilds 2392-10 Course notes more to come
Unit 101 ( 1.2 )

( 1 ) Regulation 610.2 of BS-7671 : 2008 requires Information prior to an Inspection and test is made available to the ?
Answer : Shall be made available to the person or persons carrying out the Inspection and testing ***

( 2 ) The results of the Assessment of an Electrical Installation with regards to protection for Safety shall be made Available to the ?
Answer : Inspector prior to carrying out the Inspection and test ***

( 3 ) Which of the following is Not a fundamental principle with regards to protection for Safety ?

Answer : >>> ( a ) protection against ingress of water <<< : ( b ) protection against thermal effects :
( c ) protection against fault current ( d ) protection against voltage disturbances

( 4 ) Which of the following is A fundamental principle with regards to protection for Safety ?
Answer : ( a ) Measure’s against the ingress of dust >>> ( b ) Measure’s against the Electromagnetic disturbances <<<
( c ) Measure’s against damage to equipment ( d ) Measure’s against the ingress of water

( 5 ) The results of the Assessment of an Electrical Installation with regards to general Characteristics shall be made Available to the ?
Answer : ( a ) Tenant of the building ( b ) Owner of the building
( c ) Electrician carrying out any sub-contractors work >>> ( d ) Inspector prior to carrying out an inspection and test <<<

( 6 ) Which one of the following is Not a general Characteristic of an Electrical installation ?
Answer : ( a ) Supplies for Safety Services >>> ( b ) Number of final circuits <<< ( c ) Maximum demand and diversity
( d ) Type of Earthing arrangement

( 7 ) Which one of the following is a general Characteristic of an Electrical installation ?
>>> ( a ) Number and type of live Conductors <<< ( b ) Type of wiring system ( c ) Routing of cables ( d ) Number of Consumer units or distribution boards within the installation

City & Guilds 2392-10
Unit 101 ( 1.1 )

( 1 ) During Erection and completion every Installation shall be Inspected and tested to Unity that ?
Answer : ( a ) All screws are tight ( b ) The requirements of the Regulations have been met <<
( c ) Final circuits operate correctly ( d ) Floorboards etc have been replaced correctly

( 2 ) During Inspection and testing Precautions shall be taken in order to ensure supplies to ?
Answer : ( a ) Supplies to lighting circuits are not switched off ( b ) The requirements of the regulations have been met ( c ) Batteries of instruments do not run flat ( d ) No danger to person or damage to property and Equipment <<

( 3 ) Once the initial verification has been completed an Electrical Installation Certificate and Schedule of Inspection and test results ?
Answer : ( a ) Is given to the person ordering the work ( b ) Circuits are Not tested when Energised ( c ) Batteries of instruments do not run flat ( d ) Is retained by the Electrical contractor

( 4 ) Any defects or Omissions revealed during initial Inspection and testing should be made good ?
Answer : ( a ) And a Periodic report completed ( b ) Before the Certificate is issued <<
( c ) And a new schedule of inspection and test results issued ( d ) After the Certificate is issued

( 5 ) The Initial Verification shall be carried out by ?
Answer : ( a ) An Electrician ( b ) A person with relevant qualifications ( c ) A Competent person <<
( d ) A person with relevant experience

( 6 ) If an Additional alternative has been carried out it must Not ?
( a ) Impair the Safety of the existing installation ( b ) Increase the Electrical consumption <<
( c ) A Competent person ( d ) A person with relevant experience

( 7 ) The chapter in BS-7671 referring to Initial Verification is
Answer : ( a ) 31 ( b ) 43 ( c ) 54 >>> ( d ) 61 <<<

( 8 ) Information such as diagrams and schedules shall be made available to the ?
( a ) Architect during the design stage of a building ( b ) Electrician on completion of an Electrical installation
( c ) the person ordering the work >>>( d ) The inspector prior to carrying out an inspection and test <<<

( 9 ) Which one of the following is Not required to be given on a diagram or schedule ?
( a ) Place in or near to the relevant distribution board ( b ) Given to the person ordering the work
>>> ( c ) Placed at the origin of the supply <<< ( d ) Given to the tenant

( 10 ) A durable copy of a distribution board schedule shall be ?
>>> ( a ) Place in or near to the relevant distribution board <<< ( b ) Given to the person ordering the work
( c ) Placed at the origin of the supply ( d ) Given to the tenant
 
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Re: City & Guilds 2392-10 Course notes

:rolleyes:
Unit 101 1.3
( 1 ) The H.A.S.A.W Act came out in ? >> ( a ) 1974 << ( b ) 1977 ( c ) 1984 ( d ) 1989

( 2 ) Regulation 16 of the Electrical at Work Regulations 1989 is concerned with ?
( a ) Systems ( b ) Testing ( c ) Maintenance >> Competence <<

( 3 ) The Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 is ?
( a ) A code of practice ( b ) Statutory ( c ) AHSE guidance booklet ( d ) Non Statutory

( 4 ) The H.A.S.A.W Act 1974 applies to ? ( a ) Employers only ( b ) Employees only ( c ) Self employed >> ( d ) Employees , Employers & Self- employed <<

( 5 ) Part P of the Building Regulations applies to ?
( a ) Factories ( b ) Dwellings ( c ) Non Statutory >> ( d ) IEE guidance booklet <<

( 6 ) The 17th Edition Wiring Regulations BS-7671 : 2008 is ?
( a ) Statutory ( b ) HAS Guidance >> ( c ) Non Statutory << ( d ) IEE guidance booklet

( 7 ) Test leads to GS38 should have ?
( a ) 1mm exposed probe , Non fused and finger barriers
( b ) >>> 2mm exposed probe , Non fused lead or current limiting and finger barriers << 2mm to 4mm exposed probe <<
( c ) 2mm exposed probe , fused lead or current limiting and finger barriers
( d ) 1mm exposed probe , fused lead or current limiting and finger barriers

( 8 ) The Electrical Safety , Quality and Continuity Regulations place a Legal Obligation on ?
( a ) The Client ( b ) The Electrician >>> ( c ) The Supplier <<< ( d ) The Designer
 
Re: City & Guilds 2392-10 Course notes

Unit 101 1.4
( 1 ) Emergency lighting ?
( a ) Forms part of the general requirements of BS-7671 : 2008
( b ) Is a Special installation in part 7 of BS-7671 : 2008
( c ) Is a requirements of BS-5266 <<<<<
( d ) Is no longer a requirement of any Regulations

( 2 ) Requirements for locations containing a bath or shower can be found in BS-7671 : 2008 ?
( a ) Part 1 ( b ) Part 3 ( c ) Part 4 ( d ) Part 7 ! take your best shot !

( 3 ) BS-7079 gives Requirements for ?
( a ) Design and installation of temporary ac distribution systems <<<<<<<
( b ) Solar Voltaic ( pv ) power supply systems
( c ) Telecommunications’ systems
( d ) Exhibitions , shows and stands

( 4 ) Guidance notes for special installations or locations can be found in ?
( a ) Electricity at work act 1989
( b ) IEE Guidance Notes <<<<<
( c ) BS-7671 : 2008 part 7
( d ) Building Regulations 2000

( 5 ) Electrical installations in caravans and motor caravans ?
( a ) Is a Special installation in BS-7671 : 2008 part 7 ! take your best shot !
( b ) Has a specific British Standard other than BS-7671 : 2008
( c ) Comes under the general Requirement for caravan parks
( d ) Comes under the motor vehicle legislation

( 6 ) Electrical installations for open – cast mines and quarries is the requirement of ?
( a ) BS 88 ( b ) BS-EN 60898 ( c ) BS 6907 <<<<< ( d ) BS-EN 60079

( 7 ) The statutory Regulations for Electrical installations and any Supplementary requirements is ?
( a ) BS-7671 : 2008
( b ) GS38
( c ) Electricity at Work Regulations’ 1989 <<<<
( d ) IEE On Site Guide

( 8 ) A Supplementary requirement for general installation would be ?
( a ) An additional lighting point
( b ) A supply to a garage
( c ) An Electric sign installation <<<<
( d ) The installation of an air conditioning unit

( 9 ) Which one of the following is not a special installation or location in BS-7671 : 2008 , Part 7 ?
( a ) Swimming pools and other locations
( b ) Rooms and cabins containing sauna heaters
( c ) Conductive locations with restrictive movement
( d ) Electric surface heating systems <<<<

( 10 ) Which one of the following is a special installation or location in BS-7671 : 2008 , Part 7 ?
( a ) Electrical equipment for explosive gas atmospheres
( b ) Marinas and similar locations <<<<
( c ) Fire detection and alarms systems in buildings
( d ) Electrical installations for open – cast mines or quarries
 
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Re: City & Guilds 2392-10 Course notes

UNIT 101 – 1.5

( 1 ) An Electrical installation certificate is issued for ?
( a ) Initial certification of a new installation <<<
( b ) Additions to existing circuits
( c ) An initial periodic inspection
( d ) Minor works

( 2 ) An addition or alteration to an existing installation where new circuit have been installed requires ?
( a ) No Certification
( b ) A schedule of inspection only
( c ) An Electrical installation certificate <<<
( d ) A Periodic inspection report

( 3 ) Once an Electrical Installation Certificate has been completed the Original should be ?
( a ) Sent to the Local Authority building control
( b ) Retained by the Electrical contractor
( c ) Given to the person ordering the work <<<
( d ) Given to the tenant of the building

( 4 ) The Electrical Installation Certificate should be singed or Authenticated by the ?
( a ) Main contractor
( b ) Person ordering the work
( c ) Architect
( d ) Competent person or persons <<<

( 5 ) The recommended time interval , before the first Periodic inspection can be obtained from ?
( a ) The Electricity at Work Regulations 1989
( b ) IEE Guidance Not 3 <<<
( c ) GS38
( d ) bs-7671 > 2008 ( 17th Edition Wiring Regulations )

( 6 ) A Minor Electrical Installation works Certificate is used for an Addition or Alteration that ?
( a ) Includes the provision of a new circuit
( b ) Includes the change of a consumer unit
( c ) Does not include the provision of a new circuit <<<
( d ) Does not require any additional cable

( 7 ) The replacement of equipment such as socket outlets and ceiling roses requires ?
( a ) No certification
( b ) A minor electrical Installation works Certificate <<<
( c ) An electrical Installation Certificate
( d ) A test results schedule

( 8 ) Minor works inspecting and testing should always be carried out ?
( a ) Under supervision
( b ) Regardless of the extent of the work <<<
( c ) On additions or alterations only
( d ) On change of accessories only

City & Guilds 2392-10 Course unit 101 ( 2.1 )

1 : Which one of the following Senses is Not used during the initial Inspection and Testing process ?
( a ) Sight <<< ( b ) Touch ( c ) Taste ( d ) Smell

2 : During the initial inspection and testing sight would indicate a fault such as ?
( a ) Overheating ( b ) Equipment Overheating ( c ) Vibration of transformer cover ( d ) Damage Equipment <<<

3 : Human senses are used mainly during the ?
( a ) Inspection process <<< ( b ) Testing process ( c ) Certification process ( d ) Safe isolation procedures

4 : Touch would indicate a fault due to ?
( a ) Incorrect cable size ( b ) Arcing due to loose connections ( c ) Incorrect labelling ( d ) Poor fixings of accessories

5 : Human Senses ?
( a ) Are an integral part of the inspection process <<< ( b ) Should not be used to detect faults’
( c ) Are useful for live circuits only ( d ) Should be used one at a time

unit 101 ( 2.2 )
1 : An Initial Inspection should be carried out ?
( a ) After the erection process ( b ) During the erection process and before energising <<<
( c ) Before the erection process ( d ) Approved by the Heath and Safety Executive

2 : All equipment and materials should be ?
( a ) To the relevant British Standard or Equivalent <<<
( b ) To a standard agreed by the person ordering the work
( c ) To standards set out by the local authority building control
( d ) Approved by the Heath and Safety Executive

3 : Which of the following is not an item for inspection ?
( a ) Connection of conductors ( b ) Routing of cables ( c ) Selection and erection to maximise fire <<<
( d ) Isolation and switching devices

4 : Labelling of protective devices , switches and terminals ?
( a ) Is not important ( b ) Is essential <<< ( c ) Should all be the same colour labels ( d ) Is only required for MCBs

5 : Detailed requirements for selection and erection is given in BS-7671 : 2008
( a ) Chapter 32 ( b ) Chapter 52 ( c ) 41 ( d ) 11 ! nock your self out !

City & Guilds 2392-10 Course unit 101 ( 2.1 )

1 : Which one of the following Senses is Not used during the Initial Inspection and Testing process ?
( a ) Sight ( b ) Touch ( c ) Taste <<< ( d ) Smell

City & Guilds 2392-10 Course unit 101 ( 2.3 )
1 : The Electricity at Work Regulations came out in ? ( a ) 1974 ( b ) 1980 ( c ) 1989 <<< ( d ) 1996
3 : Adverse or hazardous environments are coved in Electricity at Work Regulation ? ( a ) 4 ( b ) 6 <<< ( c ) 8 ( d ) 10
4 : Regulation 8 of the Electricity at Work Regulations is concerned with ? ( a ) Insulation , protection and placing of conductors ( b ) Strength and capability of electrical equipment ( c ) Earthing or other suitable precautions <<< ( d ) Connections
5 : Regulation 11 of the Electricity at Work Regulations is concerned with ? ( a ) Allows protective devices to be shorted out during test ( b ) Allows fuses to be shorted out during test ( c ) Does not allow protective devices to be shorted out during test <<< C/G ( d ) Allows MCBs to be shorted out during test
6 : Regulation 16 of the EAWR states that no person shall be engaged in any work Activity requiring knowledge or experience unless they are ? ( a ) Incompetent ( b ) Unsupervised ( c ) Competent or Supervised <<< ( d ) Self-employed
7 : Working on or Near Live Conductors’ ? ( a ) Is allowed outside working hours ( b ) Is not allowed under any circumstances ( c ) Is allowed if it is unreasonable for them to be dead <<< ( d ) Is not allowed unless rubber gloves are worn ( try BQ
8 : Regulation 13 of the EAWR is referring to ? ( a ) Working space , access and lighting ( b ) Safe isolation procedures <<< ( c ) Integrity of referenced conductors ( d ) Persons on whom duties are imposed
 
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Re: City & Guilds 2392-10 Course notes

1 : Voltage probes , voltage indicators and instruments test leads must comply with ? >>> ( GS38 )

2 : Continuity testers indicate values off ? >>> ( Ohms )

3 : Insulation testers indicate values off ? >>> ( Megohms )

4 : Prospective Fault Current is measured in ? >>> ( kA ) ( PFC )

5 : The Recommended sequence of test is given in BS-7671 : 2088 >>> ( PART 6 ) ( you may have to use this on your test ) 1 : 612.2 ( 2 : 612.2 .2 ( 3 : 612.2 .3 ( 4 : 612.6 “regs out “

6 : The last three test to be carried out are ? C/G 612.12 ( 612.13 ( 612.14 “regs out “

7 : Circuit Protective Conductors’ connected ?
( a ) Gas and Water services to main earth terminal
( b ) The main earth terminal to consumer unit
( c ) Exposed conductive parts to the main earth terminal <<<
( d ) Supplementary bonding to main earth terminal

8 : Main bonding conductors’ for Gas and Water etc , are tested for continuity with a continuity tester
( a ) End to End ( b ) Through the metal pipe ( c ) End to end after disconnecting one end from the bonding clamp <<< C/G
( d ) At one End and the metal pipe

9 : When testing a final circuit continuity ( R1 + R2 ) the circuit is switched on and off at the control switch to Verify ?
( a ) There is a supply present ( b ) The switch operates correctly ( c ) The polarity is correct <<<
( d ) There are no loose connections

10 : Maximum permissible test values for final circuit loop impedance can be found in ? “regs out “
( a ) BS-7671 : 2008 ( b ) IEE Guidance Note 3 table 2D <<< ( c ) Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 ( d ) HSE GS38
o.s.g
11 : Before carrying out a continuity test the instrument should be ?
( a ) Face upwards ( b ) Nulled to eliminate test lead resistance <<< ( c ) Switched off ( d ) Set on the Kilohms range C/G

12 : Prior to carrying out insulation resistance testing the client needs to be Consulted for ?
( a ) Amount of time required to complete the test ( b ) Supervising the test
( c ) Ensuring test voltages are no danger to equipment , persons or livestock <<< C/G ( d ) Extra help if required

13 : During the safe isolation procedure GS38 Approved Test Lamps or Voltage indicators should be ?
( a ) Tested at twice their rated voltage ( b ) Tested before and after use on known supply proving unit <<< C/G a must

14 : An RCD when tested at 50% of its trip rating should ?
( a ) Not trip <<< C/G a must ( b ) Trip within 300mS ( c ) Trip within 40mS ( d ) Trip within 100mS

15 : An RCD when tested at 100% ( x1 times ) of its trip rating should ?
( a ) Not trip ( b ) Trip within 300mS <<< C/G a must ( c ) Trip within 40mS ( d ) Trip within 100mS

16 : An RCD when tested at 500% ( x5 times ) of its trip rating should ?
( a ) Not trip ( b ) Trip within 300mS ( c ) Trip within 40mS <<< C/G a must ( d ) Trip within 100mS

* Measurement using Earth Electrode Test Instrument *
Three measurements are taken : 79ohms + 85ohms + 80ohms C/G a must
Added all together : 244Ω 244ohms
-- div -- = 81.33ohms
3
BS-EN 61009 Test
These Devices should be tested as for BS-EN 61009 RCDs but the Disconnection times are : within
• 50% Test on both sides of waveform : No Trip
• 100% Test on both sides of waveform : Must Trip within 300mS
If used as “ Supplementary Protection “ , the x 5 times Test must also be Carried out ; it must trip within 40mS

Sorry that is the last ps I am sorry about this Dan I hope this helps some electricians
Can lennytheloon can e mail me Ill send stuff to lenny

2392-10 revision paper 1

( 1 ) An Initial Verification is Carried out to Ensure that ?
Answer : All fixed Equipment , Parts and Material are Erected Correctly to British Standards !!!

( 2 ) Three items of Information Required for the Initial Inspection are ?
Answer : Maximum Demand , type of Earthing and Supply Characteristics !!!

( 3 ) Three Statutory and non Statutory most relevant Guidance materials for Initial Verification are ?
Answer : ( EAWR 1989 : ( BS-7671 : 2008 ( IEE Guidance Notes 3

( 4 ) Three Locations and associated Equipment Requiring Specific Guidance Material would be ?
Answer : Explosive atmospheres , Combustible dust , Open Cast Mines !!!

( 5 ) Some of the Essential and Optional Information Required on the Electrical Installation Certificate ,
Minor Electrical Installation Works Certificate , is ?
Answer : Means of Earthing , Main Protective Conductors and Supply Characteristics !!!

( 6 ) Two human Sense that may be Employed During the Initial Verification are ? Answer : Sight & Touch !!!

( 7 ) Two main Items to be Checked for given Systems and Locations are ?
Answer : Connection of Conductors and Cables Selection !!!

( 8 ) Two Requirements of EAWR 1989 for Safe Inspection & Testing are ?
Answer : Excess Current Protection & Means of Isolation !!!

( 9 ) Instruments should be in Accordance with ? Answer : GS38 !!!

( 10 ) The Correct Instruments or Settings Required to carry out Domestic Installation Testing are ?
Answer : Continuity , Insulation , Loop Impedance and RCD !!!

( 11 ) The first three Test to Carry out on a Initial Verification are ?
Answer : Continuity of Protective Conductors’ , Continuity of Ring & Insulation Resistance , !!!

( 12 ) The four Earthing Arrangements in Domestic Installation are ?
Answer : Main Earth , Main Bonding , Circuit Protective Conductors , Supplementary Bonding !!! Look up Regs p 32

( 14) Increasing Conductor Length and Decreasing Conductor Cross Sectional Area ? Answer : Increases Resistance !!! C/G

(15) An Increase in Ambient Temperature would cause the Resistance of a Conductor to ? Answer : Increase !!! C/G

(16) Connecting Conductors’ in Parallel would ? Answer : Reduce the Overall Value of Resistance !!! C/G

(17) On a Ring Continuity Test ( R1 + R2 ) can be Calculated by ? Answer : Add ( R1 + R2 ) & div by 4 !!!

(18) Decreasing a Conductor Length will Cause its Resistance to ? Answer : Decrease !!! C/G

(19) When Cables are Connected in Parallel the Overall Insulation Resistance ? Answer : Decrease !!! C/G

(20) Before carrying out an Insulation Test Consideration must be given to ?
Answer : Client Consultation , Safety Procedures and Notices !!! C/G


(21) When carrying out an Insulation Resistance Test ,Tests should be between ?
Answer : Live to Live and Live to Earth !!! C/G a must

(22) The Required Test Voltage and Minimum Value of Resistance for Circuits above 50v to 500v Answer : 500v / 1Mohm

(23) An Insulation Resistance Test to Verify Separation between SELV circuits and other circuits should be ?
Answer : 250v / 0.5 Mohms

(24) The Appropriate IP Code for Finger Protection from Contact with a Live Terminal is ? Answer : IP2X remember 2 fingers

(25) A Polarity Test carried out to Confirm ? Answer : Single pole switches , cable contact of Edison Screw Lampholders
And Fuses are in the Live Side of the Circuit !!! C/G

(26) Correct Polarity of a Ring Circuit can be Confirmed during the ?
Answer : Protective Conductor Continuity Test ( R1 + R2 )

(27) Correct Polarity is Confirmed when Supply is Switched on to Confirm ?
Answer : Correct Polarity of Final Circuit and Supply Connections !!! C/G
 
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Re: City & Guilds 2392-10 Course notes

(28) Polarity : Each Socket-outlet must be Checked to ensure that the Conductors are connected into the correct Terminals’ !!!

(29) Polarity : Test between Ends of Phase Conductor , This Value should be the Same as the Neutral Conductor
Resistance as the Conductor must be the Same Size

(30) Polarity : Test between Ends of the CPCs if the Conductor Size is Smaller than the Line Conductors
( As is usually the Case when using Twin & Earth cable ) the Resistance Value will be “ Higher “ note this “ Reading “

Domestic Installation :
Remember that Testing should be Carried out from the day the Installation Commences ( Regulation 610.1 )

Testing a Whole Installation :
In New Domestic Installations it is Often easier to Carry out Insulation Resistance Testing on Whole of the Installation
From the Meter Tails before they are Connected to the Supply .
If this is the Preferred Choice the Test should be Carried out as Follows :

● Safe Isolation must be Carried out before Commencing this Test :
● Inform Any Occupants of the Building that Testing is to be Carried Out :
● Ensure that all Protective Devices are in Place and Switched { ON }
● Remove all Lamps from fitting where Accessible :
● If the Lamps are{ NOT } Accessible or if a Luminaire with Control gear ( fluorescent ) is Connected ,
Open the Switch Controlling the Luminaire :

● The Same Applies to Extra low voltage Transformers :
● Where Dimmer Switches are fitted it is Important that they are Either Removed and the Switch Wires joined ,
Or that the Switch is bypassed :
● Any Accessories with Indicator Lamps are Switched { OFF } :
● Passive Infra Red Detectors ( PIRs ) are Removed or Bypassed :
● All fixed Equipment such as Cookers , Immersion Heaters , Boilers and Television Amplifiers’ are Isolated
● Shavers Sockets are Disconnected or Isolated :
● Items of Portable Equipment are Unplugged

Notes :
● The control equipment within Discharge lamps will cause very low readings ,.
It is quite acceptable to isolate the fitting by turning off the switch ;
This is more Desirable than disconnecting the fitting ,
After the Test between live conductors is completed the control switch for the Luminaire should be closed before carrying
Out the Test between live conductors and CPC . this is to ensure that all live conductors’ are tested for Insulation Resistance to Earth
● Most Dimmer switches have Electronic components in them and these could be damaged if 500v where to be applied to them .
It is important that wherever possible the dimmer switches are removed and the Phase and switch return are joined together for the Test
● Neon indicator lamps will be Recognized as a Load by the test instrument and will give a very low Insulation value .
All that is Required is for the Switch on the accessory to be Turned { OFF }
● Passive infra red detectors will give very low readings and may be damaged by the Test voltage .
Either disconnect it or Test between live conductors and Earth only on circuits containing PIRs .the same applies to Saver Sockets
 
Re: City & Guilds 2392-10 Course notes

Your the man,thinking of doing this course myself as i have limited experience in Inspection and Testing.Will print this all off.Thanks again mate:D
 
Re: City & Guilds 2392-10 Course notes

Earth Electrode Testing : ♫

>Earth Fault Loop Impedance <

Many Installations the Resistance of the Earth Electrode can be Measured using an Earth Fault Loop Impedance
Test Instrument ,It is perfectly Acceptable to use this type of Instrument on TT System where reasonably high
Resistance value could be Expected ,

● → The Test is Performed in Exactly the same way as the External Earth Fault Loop → Ze← Test
Step 1 ←
● Isolate the Installation :
Step 2 ←
● Ensure that the Earthing Conductor is Correctly Terminated at the Earth Electrode :
Step 3 ←
● Disconnect the Earthing Conductor from the Main Earthing Terminal :
Step 4 ←
● Connect a Lead of the Earth Fault Loop Meter to the Disconnected Earthing Terminal :
Step 5 ←
● Place the Probe of the Other Lead on to the Incoming Phase Conductor at the Supply Side of the Main Switch and carry out the Test :
Step 6 ←
● Record the Result :
Step 7 ←
● Reconnect the Earthing Conductor and Leave the Installation in Safe Working Condition :

If a Three Lead Test Instrument is used , Leads must be Connected on to the Phase , Natural and Earthing Terminal
Or Possible the Natural and Earth Lead of the Test Instrument , should be joined Together :
● Table 41.5 – BS-7671 Maximum Earth Fault Loop Impedances , Permissible for the Correct Operation of RCDs
● The values can also be found by the use of the following Calculation :

50 is the Maximum voltage
I˄n is the Trip rating of the Residual Current Device
Zs is the Earth Fault Loop Impedances ≈ if the rating of the device is 100mA the Calculation is !!
50 ÷ 0.1 = 500 Ω

↔ ● The Maximum Permissible value →TO ← Comply with the Regs using this Calculation is 500Ω
Although this Vaule would be Deemed Acceptable , it may NOT be Reliable as it could rise to an Unacceptable Vaule if the Soil dries out , Tester

↔ ● An Acceptable Vaule for RCDs up to 100mA is Stated as a Maximum of 200Ω if the Resistance is above this it should NOT be Accepted UNDER most Circumstances , the Installation of an additional or Larger Electrode may bring the Resistance value down to AN Acceptable Value

● The Maximum Calculated Values for Earth Electrodes’
Operating Current Electrode Resistance
Of the RCD in Ohms
100mA 500
300mA 160
500mA 100

↔ ● for Special Locations where the Maximum Touch voltage is 25V the Electrode Resistance should be Halved ,
Electrode Tests should be Carried out in the Worst Possible Conditions for an Earth Electrode is when the Soil is → DRY ←
→ WHERE ← Lower values of Earth Electrode Resistance are Required , an Earth Electrode Tester should be Used

Electricians read up on your TT systems , City & Guilds 2392-10 Course
I was asked 10 questions on my paper ?? didn’t have a clue I do now

Measurement using Earth Electrode Test Instrument
This Test requires the use of three Electrodes’ :
The Earthing Electrode under Test , a Current Electrode and a Potential Electrode ,

Step 1 The Earthing Electrode → ( E ) ← should be Driven into the Ground in the Position that it is to be Used ,
Attention should be paid to the Length of the Electrode which is in the Ground :

Step 2 The Current Electrode → ( C2 spike ) should be pushed into the Ground at Distance of ten times the depth of the Electrode under Test away from it :
Step 3 The Potential Electrode → ( P2 ) should be pushed into the Ground midway between ( E ) & ( C2 )
Step 4 The Leads of the Test Instruments should be Connected to the Appropriate Electrode
Step 5 Measure the Value of Resistance :
Step 6 Move → ( P2 ↔ 10% closer to → ( C2
Step 7 Measure the Value of Resistance :
Step 8 Move → ( P2 ↔ back to 10% closer to → ( E ) than the Mid-point :
Step 9 Measure the Value of Resistance :

A Calculation must now be →Carried out ← find the Percentage Deviation of the Resistance Values :

● Three Measurements’ are taking : 79Ω + 85Ω + 80Ω = 244Ω ÷ 3 = 81.33Ω ( The average value is 81.33Ω

● Find the Difference between the average and Highest Measured Value ,
Will be : 85 Sub 81.33 = 3.67

● Percentage of this value to the average value must now be found :

3.67 x 100
----- ÷ ------ = 4.51 → ( this value in known as the Percentage Deviation ) ←
81.33

● Guidance Note 3 ← tell us that the accuracy of this Measurement is Typically ( 1.2 times the Percentage Deviation )
Therefore , to Ensure that we Use the Correct value we must now Multiply the Percentage Deviation by → ( 1.2 ) ←
4.51 x 1.2 = 5.41
● This value is higher than → 5% ← of the average value and it is not Advisable to accept it as a Percentage Deviation
If Greater than → 5% ← is Deemed to be Inaccurate , to Overcome this , the Distance between the Electrode under Test → ( E ) ← and the Current Spike → ( C2 ) ← should now be Increased and the First Three Test Repeated to Obtain a more Accurate Reading

● If the Required Resistance value Cannot be Obtained by the Use of a Single Electrode ,
Additional Electrodes May be Added at a distance from the first Electrode Equal to its Depth :

TT Domestic Installations
City & Guilds 2392-10 This is on this Course Notes Earth Electrode Testing !!! ♫ ♫ ♫

● At the Origin of an Electrical Installation , the Prospective Fault Current must be taken into account when :
( answer : selecting the type of Overcurrent Device to be Installed ( RCBOs

● Insulation Resistance : regs : Table 61 → p / 158
This is so Important “ Damage to the Insulation of conductors’ put not only Persons and Livestock
At risk of Fire , the resistance between conductors’ along their length should be very high – of the order
Of millions of Ohms
It should be pointed out that insulation resistance cannot be measured effectively with a Multimeter ,
The Insulation must be Stressed to Twice the supply voltage ( but the Test Voltage need not Exceed 500V )
Value should not be less than ( 1.0 megohms )
●what is the function of a 'shorting lead' when conducting Continuity ( R1 + R2 ) tests ?
it completes the live to CPC 'test loop'
connect between live and cpc at either the Consumers Unit or furthest part of circuit under test. C/G

PS how many people have vied this or ? IS Dan going to kick my A--- or transported back to Scotland

Testing of Electrical Installations

● Earth Fault path for a TT System
This system uses the Mass of Earth for the Fault Return path :

● Type of RCD
Voltage Operated
Voltage Operated Earth Leakage Current Breakers ( ELCBs ) are not uncommon Older Installations ,
This Type of Device became Obsolete in the early 1980s and Must NOT be Installed in a New Installation or Alteration
As they are No Longer Recognized by BS-7671
They are easily Recognized as they have two Earth Connections , one for the Earth Electrode and the Other for the Installations
Earthing Conductor , The major problem with voltage Operated devices is that a Parallel Path in the system will
Probably stop it from Operating ,

● These Type of Devices would Normally have been used as Earth Fault Protection in a TT System ,

Although the Electrical Wiring Regulations BS-7671 cannot insist that all of these Devices are Changed ,
If you have to Carry out Work on a System which has One it →MUST be REPLACED ← to enable Certification
To be Carried out Correctly , if , however , a voltage operated device is found while preparing a periodic inspection report ,
A Recommendation that it should be Replaced would be the Correct way of Dealing with it ,

● Earth Fault path for a TNS System
This system uses the Sheath of the Supply Cable for the Earth Fault Return path :

● Earth Fault path for a TNCS System
This system uses the Neutral ( PEN ) Conductor of the Supply for its Earth Fault Return path :

● Domestic Installations ↔ Great Britain the use of Combined Protective and Neutral
( PEN ) Conductors is Prohibited in Consumers Installations !! C/G

Distributors” installations generally , Subject to certain Exemptions’ :
Electricity Safety , Quality & Continuity Regulations’ 2002 as Amended

● Great Britain the use of Combined Protective and Neutral
( PEN ) Conductors is Prohibited in Consumers Installations !! C/G
One Exception : Supply Obtained from private Generating Plant !! ( in the Regs )


→ you’ll get most of your answers’ in regs : p- 32 p- 34
 
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Re: City & Guilds 2392-10 Course notes

Hi mate,you are doing a great job here.It must take you some time to type all this out.How much have you got left to input.Is there no way of compressing it all and loading it all in 1 go:DCant you scan it to your computer and save it to a folder and paste it that way.Just a thought mate,saves all the typing.I hope to be doing this course next month.Great job mate
 
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Re: City & Guilds 2392-10 Course notes

Thank you for a fantastic set of notes Mr Leaf.

I have made this a sticky, therefore, could members please refrain from posting in this thread to keep it as clear as possible

Thank you.
 
Unit 1.5 Essential and Optional Information to be Contained on the
“Electrical Installation Certificate ” and ” Minor Electrical Installation Works Certificate “


“ Electrical Installation Certificate “
The Electrical Installation Certificate is used for the Initial Certification of a New Installation
Or for an Addition or Alteration to an Existing Installation where New Circuits have been Introduced

The Certificate should be accompanied by the Schedule(s) of Inspections and Schedule(s) of Test Results ( page – 341 )

Electrical Installation Certificate should be Completed and signed or otherwise Authenticated by a Competent Person ( or Persons ) in respect of the Design , Erection , Inspection and Testing of the work . if the Design ,
Construction and testing is carried out by One person a single Signature Declaration may replace the three Signatures required on the Certificate

Once Completed the Original Certificate and Schedules should be given to the Person Ordering the Work as Required by Regulation 632.3 ( BS-7671 : 2008 ) The Contractor should keep a Copy of the Certificate and Schedules :

The Recommended time interval before the first Periodic Inspection is carried out can be Obtained from the IEE Guidance Note 3

Once the initial Periodic Inspection has been carried out the next Periodic Inspection should take into Consideration
The Frequency and Quality of Maintenance the Installation is expected to receive during its intended Life .
The Periodic should then be Agreed between the Designer , installer and any other relevant body ,

“ Minor Electrical Installation Works Certificate “
The Minor Electrical Installation Works Certificate is used as an Alternative to the Electrical Installation Certificate
Where the Minor Electrical Installation Works is an addition or alteration that does not include the provision of
A new circuit or circuits’ ,

The Certificate may also be used for the Replacement of Equipment such as Accessories and Luminaries ,
This does Not extend to such things as Consumer unit or Distribution boards etc

Inspection , testing and Certification should always be carried out regardless of the extent of the work undertaken

Re: City & Guilds 2392-10 Course notes
This is the last off my notes , many thanks to the Head Moderator for putting up with this :)
Can any buddy tell me how to compress my folders down onto one folder
On my comp ! how do I go about it if so send me e mail , or ill watch this space for reply
Ps , idiot proof please

unit 2.3unit 2.3 State the Requirements of the Electrical at Work Regulations for Safe Inspection & Testing in terms of those carrying out the work and those using the Installation and Building during the Inspection & Testing
The Electrical at Work Regulations apply to the process of Inspection & Testing

The Electrical at Work Regulations apply to the process of Inspection & Testing The following Regulations are Relevant to the Inspection & Testing process for the Safety of Persons carrying out the Inspection & Testing and Other persons in the Building

Regulations 3 } Persons on whom duties are Imposed by these Regulations {
The Electrical at Work Regulations 1989 apply to :

● (i ) Employer e.g. Electrical Contractor
(ii ) Employer e.g. Inspector
(iii ) Self-Employed e.g. Electrician / Inspector

Regulations 4 } Systems , work activities and Protective Equipment Test {

● (i ) Every work activity shall not give rise to Danger e.g. Test Voltages
(ii ) Any personal Protective equipment shall be suitable , Maintained and used Properly e.g. Hard Hats

Regulations 5 } Strength and Capability of Electrical Equipment {

● (i ) No Electrical Equipment shall be put into use where its strength and Capability may be exceeded in such a way as may
Give rise to Danger e.g. Poorly insulated hand tools and Test Equipment Not to GS38 those

Regulations 6 } Adverse or Hazardous Environments {

● (i ) Electrical Equipment Exposed to Mechanical Damage , Weather , Natural Hazards , Temperature , Pressure , Water ,
Dirt , Dust , Corrosion , Flammable or Explosive Substance shall be Suitable e.g. Test Instruments

Regulations 7 } Insulation , protection and placing of Conductors {

● (i ) All Conductors’ in a systems which may give rise to Danger shall either be suitable covered with
Insulating material or suitably placed e.g. test probes no more than ( 2mm ↔ ( maximum 4mm )

Regulations 8 } Earthing or other suitable Precautions {

● (i ) Precautions shall be taken either by Earthing or some other means to prevent Danger arising e.g. Do not carry Out
Live Tests such as External Loop Impedance ( Ze ) or Final circuit Loop Impedance ( Zs ) with Earth Conductors Disconnected


Regulations 9 } Integrity of referenced conductors {

● (i ) if a circuit Conductor is Connected to Earth or to any other reference point it should Not give rise to Danger if Disconnected e.g.
Neutral points which are Earthed as in TNC / TNCS Systems should Not be Disconnected from their Earth Terminal .
When carrying Out Live testing as in → Regulations 8 ←

Regulations 10 } Connections {

● (i ) Where Necessary to Prevent Danger , Every Joint and Connection shall be Mechanically and Electrically sound e.g.
Ensure all Connections are tight when carrying out Functional Testing

Regulations 11 } Means for Protecting from Excess of Current {

● (i ) Effective means , suitable located , shall be Provided for Excess of Current every part of a System as may be
Necessary to Prevent Danger e.g. Do Not Replace or Link ( Short ) out fuses or Circuit breakers during testing
Ensuring Test Equipment has suitable Protection such as fused Test Leads
 
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Regulations 12 } Means for Cutting off the Supply and for Isolation {

● (i ) Where necessary to Prevent Danger , suitable means shall be Available for Cutting off the Supply e.g.
Test such as Continuity of Protective Conductors and Insulation Resistance are carried out on “ DEAD “ Installations or it
Circuits , it is therefore Necessary to carry “ OUT “ Safe Isolation procedure prior to “ TESTING “

Regulations 13 } Precautions for Work on Equipment made Dead {

● (i ) Adequate precautions shall be taken to prevent Electrical Equipment , which has been made “ DEAD “in order to
Prevent Danger while work is carried out on or near that Equipment , from becoming Live e.g. carry out a Safe Isolation procedure

Regulations 14 } Work on or Near Live Conductors’ {

● (i ) No person shall be Engaged in any work activity on or Near any Live Conductors unless it is “ UNREASONABLE “
For them to be Dead , it is Reasonable in all Circumstances or suitable Precautions are taken to Prevent injury e.g.
Live working only in Extreme Circumstances

Regulations 15 } Working space , Access and Lighting {

● (i ) For the purpose of enabling injury to be Prevented , adequate working space , adequate means of Access , and
Adequate lighting shall be provided at all Electrical Equipment in Circumstances with may give rise to Danger e.g. temporay lighting

Regulations 16 } Persons to be Competent to prevent Danger and Injury {

● (i ) No person shall be Engaged in any work activity where Technical Knowledge or Experience is Necessary to prevent Danger
Or , where Appropriate , injury , unless he Possesses such knowledge or Experience , or is under such Degree of Supervision as may be Appropriate having regard to the nature of the work , e.g. NICEIC registered , ECS (JIB ) card or Supervised

Regulations 12 } Means for Cutting off the Supply and for Isolation {

● (i ) Where necessary to Prevent Danger , suitable means shall be Available for Cutting off the Supply e.g.
Test such as Continuity of Protective Conductors and Insulation Resistance are carried out on “ DEAD “ Installations or it
Circuits , it is therefore Necessary to carry “ OUT “ Safe Isolation procedure prior to “ TESTING “

Regulations 13 } Precautions for Work on Equipment made Dead {

● (i ) Adequate precautions shall be taken to prevent Electrical Equipment , which has been made “ DEAD “in order to
Prevent Danger while work is carried out on or near that Equipment , from becoming Live e.g. carry out a Safe Isolation procedure

Regulations 14 } Work on or Near Live Conductors’ {

● (i ) No person shall be Engaged in any work activity on or Near any Live Conductors unless it is “ UNREASONABLE “
For them to be Dead , it is Reasonable in all Circumstances or suitable Precautions are taken to Prevent injury e.g.
Live working only in Extreme Circumstances

Regulations 15 } Working space , Access and Lighting {

● (i ) For the purpose of enabling injury to be Prevented , adequate working space , adequate means of Access , and
Adequate lighting shall be provided at all Electrical Equipment in Circumstances with may give rise to Danger e.g. temporay lighting

Regulations 16 } Persons to be Competent to prevent Danger and Injury {

● (i ) No person shall be Engaged in any work activity where Technical Knowledge or Experience is Necessary to prevent Danger
Or , where Appropriate , injury , unless he Possesses such knowledge or Experience , or is under such Degree of Supervision as may be Appropriate having regard to the nature of the work , e.g. NICEIC registered , ECS (JIB ) card or Supervised

“ Polarity “ City & Guilds 2392-10 Course Notes Revision

3.20 { State the reasons for Tests to Confirm Polarity }

● Polarity tests are carried out to ensure that all fuses , single pole switches , MCBs etc are Connected in the
Line Conductor , the Centre Contact of Edison Screw lamp holders must be Connected to the Line -
Conductor ( except E14 & E27 lamp holders ) 612.5.2 !!
Also Accessories such as Sockets Outlets must have the Line Connection Connected to the Line side of the Supply

● When Energised Polarity should be Confirmed during any Line Testing ↔ Describe the methods of Testing used to
Identify Correct Polarity

“ Polarity “

3.21 When carrying out Continuity of Protective Conductors’ ( R1 + R2 ) Testing the Polarity of the Final Circuit
is also Confirmed , When Taking a Reading for “ R1 “ + R2 The Control Switch should then be Switched OFF
if the Reading goes from a Low value to a High value it Confirms Polarity is Correct !! 2000 !! on the meter


“ Polarity “

3.22 { State the reasons Confirming Correct Polarity following Initial Energising of Installations }

● Although Polarity of the Final Circuits have been Confirmed when Carrying out Continuity of the Protective Conductor
Testing the Polarity of the Supply and Consumer Unit or Distribution board Connections have not BEEN Confirmed ,
This Should Confirmed using an Approved Voltage Indicator by Checking there is Voltage between Lines
( Three Phase ) Voltage between !! Line(s ) and Neutral !! and no voltage between !! Earth and Neutral !! Polarity
Should also be Confirmed before Carrying out any Live Testing of Final Circuits ,
This is usually Achieved with Polarity Indication on the Test Instruments such as Multifunction Instruments’

● You can get the Odd Three Phase on a Domestic Installation , it has been knowing to happen ♫♫♫♫
 
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Insulation Resistance City & Guilds 2392-10 Course Notes Revision

3.14 State the precautions’ to be taken before Testing Insulation Resistance in Terms of :

● Isolation of the Circuits and Equipment ,
● Voltage Sensitive Equipment ,
● Electronic Components ,

→ Isolation of Circuits and Equipments ←

( a ) The following procedure for Safe Isolation should be taken

● Select a GS38 approved Test Lamp or Voltage Indicator :

● Check Test Lamp / Voltage Indicator is Functioning Correctly be Testing on a know Supply or Proving Unit , :

● Determine whether Isolation is for whole Installation or Specific Circuit( s) :

● Locate means of Isolation ensuring there is no Standby Supply Arrangement :

● Switch off and Lock off Isolation Device( s) e.g. fuse switch , Isolator , MCB etc :

● Verify , using Test Lamps / Voltage Indicator , Circuit( s) are Dead between Line( s) Neutral & Earth :

● Erect Warning Notice( s) in Appropriate Position( s) e.g. at Consumer Unit :

● Re Check Test Lamps / Voltage Indicator is still functioning Correctly :

● Retain key( s) for Locking off Devices :

( b ) Before Carrying out Insulation Resistance Testing it must be Established that there is No voltage
Sensitive Equipment Connected that may be Damaged or Malfunction because of the Test voltage Applied ,
There may be Computers , Programmable Logic Controllers ( PLCs ) Programmers etc the Equipment would
either have to be Disconnected During Test , or Insulation Test with Line( s) & Neutral connected together
and Test between these and the Protective Conductor

( c ) Before Carrying out Insulation Résistance Testing it must also be Established that there is no Electronic
Components that may be damage or Malfunction because of the Test voltage Applied,
One Example of this is a Lamp Dimmer this would have to be Removed during Test and the
Switch wires Connected together

3.15 Describe methods of Testing Insulation Résistance
→ Before Carrying out Insulation Résistance Testing ensure that ←

● All Lamps , are Capacitors and loads are Disconnected ,
● Voltage Sensitive Electronic Equipment such as Dimmer switches , touch switches , delay timers , power controllers ,
Fluorescent lamp starters , Emergency lighting , RCDs e.g. are Disconnected ,

● There is No Electrical Connections between Line( s) Neutral & Earth

City & Guilds 2392-10 Course Revue
“ Earth Fault loop impedance tester “ { Before }

● Before Carrying out this Test the Supply Earthing Conductor must be Disconnected from Any Parallel Paths
Such as Main Equipotent Bonding Arrangements for “ Gas “ Water “ etc ← ← ← * C/G

* Earth Electrode Testing * Measured Resistance should Not Exceed 100 Ω ● ← ← ← *

● Supply Cable Line and Protective Conductor and Sub-Station Transformer Windings
The reading Obtain should be No Greater than → 21Ω ← Distributor TT Supply O/S/G P-11 *

“ Earth Electrodes “ { Earth Electrode Testing ● Measured Resistance should Not Exceed 100 Ω - } 50v div 30mA = 1666 Ω 41.5 ←


{ Describe the method of testing Earth Electrodes Resistance using an Earth Fault Loop Impedance Tester }

Earth Electrode Testing can be carried using an Earth Fault Loop Impedance Tester given a Reading in Ohms Ωs

} Test Sequence is as Follows {

● Switch OFF Main Supply to Installation C/G all 6 Items

● Disconnect Main Earthing Conductor

● Ensure Instrument is Set on the Earth Fault Loop Impedance range

● Connect Instrument Test Leads to Supply Line , Neutral ( if required ) and Main Earthing Conductor

● Confirm Polarity is Correct on Test Instrument ( a must ) ← ← ← *

● Take a reading of Earth Fault Loop Impedance ( Ze )
 
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