This reminds me of the story of NASA spending billions of dollars developing a pen that could write on paper in zero gravity..... The Russians used a pencil.
I remember that too, however the thought of graphite particles floating around in an oxygen rich environment and all the electronics could make you worry a bit.
 
designs were very different between the Jumo and Whittle's, just same principal.

The jet engine for the Jumo was originally developed by Heinkel by Hans Von Ohain, with later work by others.

Whittle submitted his first patent (granted in 1932)

In 1935, Hans von Ohain started work on a similar design in Germany, and it is often claimed that he was unaware of Whittle's work. Ohain said that he had not read Whittle's patent, and Whittle believed him (Frank Whittle 1907–1996). However, the Whittle patent was in German libraries, and Whittle's son had suspicions that Ohain had read or heard of it.

Years later, it was admitted by von Ohain in his biography that this was so. Author Margaret Conner states ″Ohain's patent attorney happened upon a Whittle patent in the years that the von Ohain patents were being formulated". Von Ohain himself is quoted as saying "We felt that it looked like a patent of an idea" "We thought that it was not seriously being worked on." As Ohain's patent was not filed until 1935, this admission clearly shows that he had read Whittle's patent and had even critiqued it in some detail prior to filing his own patent and some 2 years before his own engine ran. (Wikipedia)
 
A few obstacles have surfaced already when we consider the effect of Brexit.
Prescriptions issued by UK doctors are no longer valid in Spain, which will have an impact on some. Also, if you want to buy a house there you now have to apply for a permit from the Spanish Military and submit a clear criminal conviction certificate (ah! more alliteration...) and some other stuff. Students won't have the same rights to work and live there as previously. However, the Spanish are still recognising the reciprocal healthcare system, so that's good news.
 
as an aside. just wondering if USA are going to build another nuclear powered aircract carrier. the USS Trump?
 
A few obstacles have surfaced already when we consider the effect of Brexit.
Prescriptions issued by UK doctors are no longer valid in Spain, which will have an impact on some. Also, if you want to buy a house there you now have to apply for a permit from the Spanish Military and submit a clear criminal conviction certificate (ah! more alliteration...) and some other stuff. Students won't have the same rights to work and live there as previously. However, the Spanish are still recognising the reciprocal healthcare system, so that's good news.
Wonder if the criminal checks are going to be retrospective? Good number of English villains out in the Costa Del Sol.
 
Doubt it. It would refuse to leave the harbour and get its planes to attack Capitol Hill....
Joking aside, the ring leaders who pushed forward and breached Capitol Hill were Antifa and BLM activists, many of the arrests by FBI have identified these people and found evidence of pre arranged attack to stage it all and make it look like trump supporters, there is also supporting video evidence that security opened the side doors and let in genuine trump supporters so they could blame Trump for inciting it.
The issue with the democrats claims against Trump is that Trump had 20mins left of his speech when Antifa pushed forward and entered Capitol hill, those that were present watching Trumps speech would have actually turned up 30mins late had they walked the short journey following the speech they claimed incited the rioting ..

Just a few facts the media fails to tell you.

One of the ring leaders has already been arrested and charged as he filmed the whole event and stupidly incriminated himself, they found he used Twitter and Facebook to pre organise the attack.

He is a self confessed far left activist, he and several other arrests are of people inciting the events all with a history with either Antifa, BLM or both... funny I never saw any of this on our news yet they still peddle Trump as the inciter regardless that has since been shown not to be the case.
 
It wouldnt surprise me tbh.
The far left did everything possible to undermine Trumps presidency from the outset.
Many of these people were involved in the media and there was definitely some truth in the " fake news " claims. I honestly don't think Trump covered himself in glory post election result but I think it will be difficult to make the charge of incitement stick.
 
Blimey Darkwood,our local football team could do with you,best advert for a right winger we could ever have ?. Joking aside you are perfectly entitled to your views but I don't think we can say Trump and his supporters are blameless in this,wrongs on all sides I'm sure
 
Joking aside, the ring leaders who pushed forward and breached Capitol Hill were Antifa and BLM activists, many of the arrests by FBI have identified these people and found evidence of pre arranged attack to stage it all and make it look like trump supporters, there is also supporting video evidence that security opened the side doors and let in genuine trump supporters so they could blame Trump for inciting it.
The issue with the democrats claims against Trump is that Trump had 20mins left of his speech when Antifa pushed forward and entered Capitol hill, those that were present watching Trumps speech would have actually turned up 30mins late had they walked the short journey following the speech they claimed incited the rioting ..

Just a few facts the media fails to tell you.

One of the ring leaders has already been arrested and charged as he filmed the whole event and stupidly incriminated himself, they found he used Twitter and Facebook to pre organise the attack.

He is a self confessed far left activist, he and several other arrests are of people inciting the events all with a history with either Antifa, BLM or both... funny I never saw any of this on our news yet they still peddle Trump as the inciter regardless that has since been shoYou need some sort of proff for all these assertations DW of maybe a link or two.


It wouldnt surprise me tbh.
The far left did everything possible to undermine Trumps presidency from the outset.
Many of these people were involved in the media and there was definitely some truth in the " fake news " claims. I honestly don't think Trump covered himself in glory post election result but I think it will be difficult to make the charge of incitement stick.

Joking aside, the ring leaders who pushed forward and breached Capitol Hill were Antifa and BLM activists, many of the arrests by FBI have identified these people and found evidence of pre arranged attack to stage it all and make it look like trump supporters, there is also supporting video evidence that security opened the side doors and let in genuine trump supporters so they could blame Trump for inciting it.
The issue with the democrats claims against Trump is that Trump had 20mins left of his speech when Antifa pushed forward and entered Capitol hill, those that were present watching Trumps speech would have actually turned up 30mins late had they walked the short journey following the speech they claimed incited the rioting ..

Just a few facts the media fails to tell you.

One of the ring leaders has already been arrested and charged as he filmed the whole event and stupidly incriminated himself, they found he used Twitter and Facebook to pre organise the attack.

He is a self confessed far left activist, he and several other arrests are of people inciting the events all with a history with either Antifa, BLM or both... funny I never saw any of this on our news yet they still peddle Trump as the inciter regardless that has since been shown not to be the case.
You need to show some proof for these assertions DW, or a link or two. I'm keeping an open mind on this but in all honesty everything I've seen shows stupid right wing mainly Qanon idiots at the certre. I saw the original live streams and every one that had been identified on social media since was a Trump supporting idiot, including some legislators.
 
Trump was an arsehole, but to be fair, he was not responsible for far leftie snowflakes rioting. he was just used as an excuse.
 
Trump was an arsehole, but to be fair, he was not responsible for far leftie snowflakes rioting. he was just used as an excuse.
How on earth were these 'far left snowflakes'? Whatever one of them is.
These were Trump supporters, that in itself does not make him responsible, but you need to face up to facts Tell.
 
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Joking aside, the ring leaders who pushed forward and breached Capitol Hill were Antifa and BLM activists, many of the arrests by FBI have identified these people and found evidence of pre arranged attack to stage it all and make it look like trump supporters, there is also supporting video evidence that security opened the side doors and let in genuine trump supporters so they could blame Trump for inciting it.
The issue with the democrats claims against Trump is that Trump had 20mins left of his speech when Antifa pushed forward and entered Capitol hill, those that were present watching Trumps speech would have actually turned up 30mins late had they walked the short journey following the speech they claimed incited the rioting ..

Just a few facts the media fails to tell you.

One of the ring leaders has already been arrested and charged as he filmed the whole event and stupidly incriminated himself, they found he used Twitter and Facebook to pre organise the attack.

He is a self confessed far left activist, he and several other arrests are of people inciting the events all with a history with either Antifa, BLM or both... funny I never saw any of this on our news yet they still peddle Trump as the inciter regardless that has since been shown not to be the case.
Wow, where did you get that from? One thing is for sure, we are in very dangerous times the way news gets out and is twisted. Trumps main fault is that he split the country the same way the Tories have here. So long as there’s no chance of him being re-elected then I’ll be happy. Out of interest, how much of this is on Facebook and Parler?
 
Wow, where did you get that from? One thing is for sure, we are in very dangerous times the way news gets out and is twisted. Trumps main fault is that he split the country the same way the Tories have here. So long as there’s no chance of him being re-elected then I’ll be happy. Out of interest, how much of this is on Facebook and Parler?
How have the Tories split the country here ? As I recall the red wall was demolished
 
Wow, where did you get that from? One thing is for sure, we are in very dangerous times the way news gets out and is twisted. Trumps main fault is that he split the country the same way the Tories have here. So long as there’s no chance of him being re-elected then I’ll be happy. Out of interest, how much of this is on Facebook and Parler?
Trump never split the country Alan, he's a symptom and not the cause. All be it a very nasty one.
 
Trump was an arsehole, but to be fair, he was not responsible for far leftie snowflakes rioting. he was just used as an excuse.
The problem with Trump is he should never have got in, the system was rigged to help the Dem's but so popular was Trump it simply wasn't enough, it sent shockwaves across the globe because the Clinton's, Obama etc and the biden had yrs of corruption they knew he would find, they enlisted their buddies in the CIA to try help take Trump down with the help if a false flag Russia collusion which also acted to misdirect the public away from the Hillary scandal.
Trump wasn't a politician so he spoke what he thought which wasn't always good for him but one thing he did do and why he has such a following, he rejuvenated the US economy and broke several economic records as well as remove the troops from pointless warzones and carried out his pre election promises.

I had a full list of Trump's achievements from the official White House site but since Biden has got in they have deleted nearly everything about trump on the site so I will need to do some deep searching to find a copy.
The list is many pages long and hardly any of it was ever mentioned on mainstream media as it did not fit the narrative, if you believe Trump was/is an A-hole it was more than likely the media narrative and constant attack that gave you that image, in 4 yrs the BBC has never done any reviews of Trump that are positive and that is what we call bias given he statistically was better than Obama on several key areas.

PS - one of Trumps exit gifts to the world was pushing through CIA and FBI files by declassifying them and letting the public decide, in these files is some damning evidence of many of Trump's opposition and plenty of evidence of the now presidents corrupt dealings with other nations like Ukraine, Russia, China when he was Vice President. There has been an impeachment case filed against Biden for this only the other day but again, the media won't tell you this because it doesn't fit the narrative they have pushed for 4 yrs.
 
How can the "leader of the free world" be just a symptom???
Inasmuch as the US was already polarized before 2016, he would not have got anywhere near power in a more balanced fair society.
It was the loss of the blue collar jobs and the inequality, with the rich getting richer by the day and the poor, or ordinary working class struggling more and more.
Millions thought, rightly in my opinion, that they were not being heard and so looked outside the ‘norm’ for help.
Look at 1930s Germany.
 
I never believed it would be easy exiting europe.
Resistance by Europe and our own parliament was inevitable. They would try to stop it or block it or be as aukward as possible Because deep down they do not believe in democracy.

after all europe is an un elected body so democracy is the last thing they want.

Look what happened when democracy raised its ugly head. We voted leave.

For me the greatest surprise of the last four years was all those MPs who stood for election having promised to respect the referendum result, then did their utmost to overturn it. The same MPs who accused an elected government of staging a coup, when they used established protocols, but themselves planning to install a 'government of national unity'.
 
Paignton Pete, why do you say Europe is an unelected body?. I could have sworn we voted, along with the other EU Nations to elect euro MP's every 4 or 5 years.
Beaurocratic quite possibly but unelected no.

We did but, while MEPs are indeed elected, the European Parliament can hardly be described as a democratic institution.

I would urge anyone with an interest in the EU, UK politics or democracy to take the time to explore how EU institutions are structured, regardless of their position on brexit.

When the referendum was first announced, it occured to me that perhaps my general anti-EU stance was not entirely justified and, if I was going to vote on the matter, it should be from a relatively well informed position. While the UK's entire democratic process can be described reasonably well in a few short sentences, the EU's institutions are fiendishly complex and defy all attemps at explanation by most who try. This complexity is not accidental and some understanding of it can be gained by reading the Treaty of Paris and the Treaty of Rome (both now superceeded by Treaty on European Union and Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union).

It is generally accepted that in a functioning democracy unelected bureaucrats are employed to effect that which a democratically elected government legislates, however the EU runs on an almost entirely opposite principle, with elected representatives simply agreeing or disagreeing with legislation proposed by unelected bureaucrats.

In short; we did have elected representatives in the EU, but their powers were exceptionally limited and certainly not in line with those usually afforded to democratically elected representatives.
 
While the UK's entire democratic process can be described reasonably well in a few short sentences
I'll say you can.

Unelected head of state
Unelectected 2nd chamber
Unelected cabinet
Unelected Prime Minister often. Dont forget when Theresa May stood down, Johnson was elected Prime Minster by less than 200 000 Tory party members, including 16 & 17 year olds. That's 200 000 in a country of 66 million
Unelected special advisors who seem to have a large say in how this country is run.

Then when we do have elections party funding means that billionairs have a big say in policy for no other reason than that they happen to be stinking rich.
 
I'll say you can.

Unelected head of state
Unelectected 2nd chamber
Unelected cabinet
Unelected Prime Minister often. Dont forget when Theresa May stood down, Johnson was elected Prime Minster by less than 200 000 Tory party members, including 16 & 17 year olds. That's 200 000 in a country of 66 million
Unelected special advisors who seem to have a large say in how this country is run.

Then when we do have elections party funding means that billionairs have a big say in policy for no other reason than that they happen to be stinking rich.

A head of state who has taken no part in the day to day running of the UK in our lifetimes.

Unelected 2nd chamber isn't ideal, but rarely do they block legislation. Generally they send controversial bills back to commons with recommendations. It's also quite likely that we see an elected 2nd chamber before too many more years pass.

The cabinet are all elected members of parliament. This is how governments are formed in a democracy- either from the majority party or a coalition of parties, where no majority exists. Frankly, the inclusion of this point is ridiculous.

Prime Minister is also elected to parliament. No one votes for the Prime Minister - they vote for regional party representatives who may form a government either by majority or by means of coalition. Consider that is entirely possible for an incumbent party leader to fail in their effort to be elected. Under such circumstances, that party must then choose a new leader. Your list is taking on the appearance of a handful of straws.

Unelected special advisors who advise. You realise that all leaders must seek advice from somewhere? Politicians are human beings who can not possibly keep themselves abreast of every single issue that may require government time. Would you rather that governments sought advice from Mabel at number 32?

The funding of political parties is certainly an issue, but we have a transparent system that requires all party donations over £7500 to be declared and donations over £1500 where finances aren't managed directly by party HQs.


All told I think you've helped make my point, so let's look at the other side of this coin...

Here's a list of primary EU institutions.

European Parliament
European Council
Council of the European Union
European Commission

Three out of these four are entirely unelected by the people of any member states.

The exception is that wonderful European Parliament, where MEPs can choose to vote in favour or vote against legislation, after a brief period of discussion. No MEP can table ammendments to bills. No MEP can introduce bills. Decades of European Parliament business has demonstrated that bills rarely fail in this parliament and those which do fail, tend to be resubmitted and subsequently pass. Perhaps a reasonable mind might ask why this is - that same mind is unlikely to conclude tha the unelected bureaucrats that make up the EU Commission are so prescient that they know what is best for almost thirty individual countries on every single occasion.

Maybe we should begin to list permanent members of the EU commission and document how many were political failures in the member state from which they came? Time constraints mean I won't do that right now, but I will remind you that the current commission president barely scraped through her election, despite being the single named candidate on that ballot paper - just think about that for an example of democracy in action!
 
A head of state who has taken no part in the day to day running of the UK in our lifetimes.

Unelected 2nd chamber isn't ideal, but rarely do they block legislation. Generally they send controversial bills back to commons with recommendations. It's also quite likely that we see an elected 2nd chamber before too many more years pass.

The cabinet are all elected members of parliament. This is how governments are formed in a democracy- either from the majority party or a coalition of parties, where no majority exists. Frankly, the inclusion of this point is ridiculous.

Prime Minister is also elected to parliament. No one votes for the Prime Minister - they vote for regional party representatives who may form a government either by majority or by means of coalition. Consider that is entirely possible for an incumbent party leader to fail in their effort to be elected. Under such circumstances, that party must then choose a new leader. Your list is taking on the appearance of a handful of straws.

Unelected special advisors who advise. You realise that all leaders must seek advice from somewhere? Politicians are human beings who can not possibly keep themselves abreast of every single issue that may require government time. Would you rather that governments sought advice from Mabel at number 32?

The funding of political parties is certainly an issue, but we have a transparent system that requires all party donations over £7500 to be declared and donations over £1500 where finances aren't managed directly by party HQs.


All told I think you've helped make my point, so let's look at the other side of this coin...

Here's a list of primary EU institutions.

European Parliament
European Council
Council of the European Union
European Commission

Three out of these four are entirely unelected by the people of any member states.

The exception is that wonderful European Parliament, where MEPs can choose to vote in favour or vote against legislation, after a brief period of discussion. No MEP can table ammendments to bills. No MEP can introduce bills. Decades of European Parliament business has demonstrated that bills rarely fail in this parliament and those which do fail, tend to be resubmitted and subsequently pass. Perhaps a reasonable mind might ask why this is - that same mind is unlikely to conclude tha the unelected bureaucrats that make up the EU Commission are so prescient that they know what is best for almost thirty individual countries on every single occasion.

Maybe we should begin to list permanent members of the EU commission and document how many were political failures in the member state from which they came? Time constraints mean I won't do that right now, but I will remind you that the current commission president barely scraped through her election, despite being the single named candidate on that ballot paper - just think about that for an example of democracy in action!
So, you agree with me re The Queen and the House of Lords.

You do not need to be an elected MP to be a member of the cabinet. The one that springs to mind is Andrew Adonis in Blair's cabinet. There have been plenty of others.

The Prime Minister we also agree.

Special advisors, you are correct, every PM and I suppose MP needs advisors. But surely you must admit that Dominic Cummins had powers far beyond that of an advisor, even going as far as sacking people and organising his own press conference in the rose garden.

So, The EU. I hate having to defend the EU as I agree with you up to a point. But you were comparing their lack of democracy with our so called democracy.

European Parliament, all directly elected using PR

European Council, this is the elected heads of government for each country. So all elected.

Council of the European Union, these are all government ministers, so all elected unless I'm mistaken. Happy to be corrected.

European Commission, I gather this is filled from within the EU itself, this is not unusual really, every legislative body in the free world has similar. Bit like our civil service, none of them are elected either nor should they be.

You put me in the position of defending an institution that I think needs reforming, so the above is really just me trying to point out that when it comes to democracy, the UK is not really in a position to preach to the EU.
 
So, you agree with me re The Queen and the House of Lords.

You do not need to be an elected MP to be a member of the cabinet. The one that springs to mind is Andrew Adonis in Blair's cabinet. There have been plenty of others.

The Prime Minister we also agree.

Special advisors, you are correct, every PM and I suppose MP needs advisors. But surely you must admit that Dominic Cummins had powers far beyond that of an advisor, even going as far as sacking people and organising his own press conference in the rose garden.

So, The EU. I hate having to defend the EU as I agree with you up to a point. But you were comparing their lack of democracy with our so called democracy.

European Parliament, all directly elected using PR

European Council, this is the elected heads of government for each country. So all elected.

Council of the European Union, these are all government ministers, so all elected unless I'm mistaken. Happy to be corrected.

European Commission, I gather this is filled from within the EU itself, this is not unusual really, every legislative body in the free world has similar. Bit like our civil service, none of them are elected either nor should they be.

You put me in the position of defending an institution that I think needs reforming, so the above is really just me trying to point out that when it comes to democracy, the UK is not really in a position to preach to the EU.

You've raised some excellent points and one that I was unaware of was the fact that UK cabinet members need not be elected members of parliament. I learn something new every day!

Special advisors can wield significant influence, but it should be remembered that decisions aren't ultimately taken by those advisors. How our elected MPs come to make decisions is their own business, but if we aren't happy about that process they may find themselves not being returned at the next election. Similarly if we are dissatisfied with individual MPs, or an entire government, we can throw them out at the next election.

The Council of the European Union makes laws by qualified majority and the manner in which they do so directly contravenes the UK's constitution.

I'm not sure that I follow your logic on the European Commission. It is the executive branch of government within the EU, yet only commission members get to decide who joins. Member states propose commissioners, but the commission reserves the right to reject those proposed candidates. It was though this system of self-appointment that Ursula Von Der leyen came to be president of the commission. A list of candidates was drawn up by member states in the European Council, yet each and every one of those candidates was rejected. To resolve this unfortunate state of affairs, the commission put forward their own candidate and the European Parliament duly voted again - unusually that vote provided a single option - Ursula Von Der Leyen - and even in a one horse race she almost failed to secure the presidency!

One other huge issue is the European Court of Justice. This court is one of the EU's seven institutions, but isn't counted as one of the three legislative institutions. Despite not being a legislative institution, the ECJ regularly and deliberately ignores EU treaties and rewrites them as they see fit. This single issue was probably the main reason we came to hold a referendum on EU membership. No matter what member states agree, the ECJ has the power to ignore that which it finds inconvenient and implement new laws as and when it pleases.

Would you accept only having a say in local council elections and then trusting those councillors to decide who should govern the whole country? Neither would I but, while not directly comparable, that's as close an analogy as I can think of


I'm glad we agree on the need for EU reform, but it was on this very subject that David Cameron was sent home with his tail between his legs and found himself in the position of either delivering the promised membership referendum or going down in history as yet another Prime Minister who failed to fulfil such a promise. Maybe the EU will undergo reform, but I suspect much of that would be window dressing and, at this point, any future reform comes too late for those who wish to make the case for continued UK membership. Horse, door, bolted.
 

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