You would only destroy/damage them if you passed a current equal or more than their rated KA breaking capacity. The main or overwhelming reason why they are not called on to be tested after installation, is the cost of the test kit that would be needed to test MCB's, eg, ''A Primary current injection'' test set... Were talking several 1000 pounds. MCB's are actually generally very reliable and a proven means of protection, far, far more reliable than RCD devices....
We test all our MCCB/ACB/GCB's etc on our main Distribution/Switchboards using Primary and Secondary injection testers, so we have the means to test any of our MCB's if they are/become suspect, but don't test them as a matter of course....