Re-take - Useful Information for 2394 :

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2394: (T) Regulation - 132.13. . p.20
“Every electrical-installation shall be provided with (Appropriate-documentation ) including that by . Regulation - 514.9 . Part-6 . and where applicable - Part - 7 “

 

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2394: Regulation - 131.3.2. Down-lights . ( Roomfor Thought )

Persons. livestock . fixed-equipment and fixed-materials ( Adjacent to electrical-equipment ) shall be protected against harmful-effects of Heat or thermal-radiation emitted by electrical-equipment .

- Could combustible-dust and debris build up behind the Lights . !!!!

The ( Most - common ) Older-lath and plaster ceilings . sawdust or split-timber laths remaining . ( Couldthe light-fitting(s) become in contact with the down lights .

Facts:
i). Combustion . ignition or degradation of materials’ .
ii). Risk of burns .
iii). Impairment of the safe-function of installed-equipment .

Regulations tells us . Electrical-equipment shall Not - present a fire-hazard to adjacent-materials’ .

 

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The ( Most - common ) Older-lath and plaster ceilings . sawdust or split-timber laths remaining above the light - fitting . become in contact with the down lights .

 

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2394: Problems . Down-lights .

Most-common when Open-backed-recessed-light-fittings . are being used. - Could combustible - dust and debris build up . Heat . you nothe rest .

 

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2394: Down-lights . ( Room for Thought )

Regulation- 522.2.1. External - heat - sources .

In order to avoid the effects of ( Heat !! Cables ) from external-sources . on or more of the following- methods or an equally-effective-method shall be used to prevent a wiring - system .

i). Shielding .
ii). Placing sufficiently far from the source of Heat . ( Cables. Not resting over the down-light . ) Etc ..
iii). Selecting a system with due regard for the ( Additional -temperature - rise) which may - Occur .

 

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ApprovedDocument P - Building Regulations . 2008:

Designand Installation . - ( Applying to Dwellings )
Regulation- P1 .
“Reasonable provision shall be made in the design and installation of electricalinstallations in order to protectpersons operating . maintaining or altering the installations from . fire or injury .

Firstly : 134.1. - Erection . Strictly only applies to Erection not Design .

BS-7671:2011: Are - reminding Us .
Regulation- 134.1.1. Good workmanship by competent-persons or persons under their supervisionand proper-materials shall be used in the erection of the electrical-installation. Electrical - equipment shall be installed in accordance with the ( Instructions provided by the manufacturer of theequipment )

Manufacturer’s- Instructions

As electrician’s . ( we’ve all fallen ) into the trap of not reading the instruction-leaflet supplied with equipment . after all . who needs instructions for things that we have done countless timesbefore .

Misconception- that any experienced-electrician will not need this Guidance . This is clearly not the case . since -differing - products . from differing Manufacturer’s. installed in different-locations will have quite-unique requirements thatshould be considered and implemented .

Inall cases . by simply following . Manufacturer’s - Instructions gives us a ( Fall - back - position ) should something fail or cause a problem. This if nothing-else. will assist the electrician in protecting his or her ( future-liability )

Regulation- 132.13 .
“Every electrical - installation shall be provided with appropriate-documentation. including that required by . Regulation - 514.9. Part - 6 and where applicable . Part - 7 .

Re-cap: Part - P : Extracts’
Installations in dwellings . to operate at a . Low or Extra-low-voltage . The Extra-low-voltage-band was included to cover such things as . Extra-low-voltage downlights . caused of a number of house - fires .

Some- Facts . 2394: “ Downlights “
- Theproblem and risk is further-compounded by the facts that some-lamp-types are designed to ( Direct ) much of their heat out of the back - ( Dichrioic-type) :banghead:
-Whilst others are deigned to direct their heat ( Forward ) - ( Aluminium-reflector-type ) :svengo:

 

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Regulation must - State the Facts .

If you don’t use it you lose it . 2008:

When considering is . supplementary-bonding . canbe Omitted from a location containing a . bath or shower . the Maximum-résistance . of Extraneous-conductive-parts connected to the . ( MET ) main-earthing-terminal . 415.2.2.

• 1.666Ω .
• 0.05Ω .
• 0.5Ω .
• 6.5Ω .

Useful-Junk. Additional-protection - Supplementary-equipotential-bonding .

415.2.2. Where doubt exists .
Regarding the effectiveness of Supplementary-equipotential-bonding. it shall be confirmed that the résistance ( R ) between simultaneously accessible . Exposed-conductive-parts and . Extraneous-conductive-parts . fulfils the following-condition :

R ≤ 50 V /Ia . in a.c. - systems .

Where ( Ia ) is the operating-current in ampere’s of the protective-device . - for RCDs - IΔn . for overcurrent-devices . the current causing automatic operation in 5s .

RCD - 30mA ÷ 1000 = 0.03A .

Example - 1 : Scenario . that the protective-device is an RCD - rated at 30mA . [ R ≤ 50V / Ia ]
R ≤ 50V / 0.03A = 1.666Ω . [ R ≤ 1.666Ω ]

Therefore. a maximum-résistance of 1.666Ω will ensure there is sufficient-current to operate the RCD .
Note : that the touch-voltage may rise above 50V . the value of 50V is used as a constant in the formula to ensure . sufficient-current is following to operate the RCD.

Example - 2 : Scenario . that the protective-device is a .BS-EN-60898 - Type - B circuit-breaker . rated at 32A . first we must establish the current causing operation of the circuit-breaker by referring to the correct . time / current - characteristics graph in Appendix- 3 of BS-7671:2008:2011: therefore . looking at fig- 3.4 . 3.4A . p.249 / 301 . some of us still have marking on 2008 : we can establish that the current-causing-operation of the circuit-breaker is 160A .

[ R ≤ 50V / Ia - R ≤ 50V / 160 - R ≤ 0.31Ω ]

Therefore. a maximum-résistance of .0.31Ω will ensure there is sufficient current to operate the circuit-breaker within five-seconds .

fig- 3.4 . 3.4A .
The current-causing operation of the device between . 0.1 & 5s isthe same . this will not be the case for . “ Fuses “ if many circuits are present in a particular area . and are protected by different-protective-devices / types . etc . the worst-case characteristics should be used .

GN-3: advises that the résistance of Supplementary-equipotential-bonding-conductors. should be no more than ( 0.05Ω ) when verifying Supplementary-equipotential-bonding-conductors. Regulation - 612.2.1. requires that a continuity-test be made with a recommendation that the test-instrument has a .non-load voltage of between . 4V and 24V d.c. or a.c. and a short-circuit-current of .not less than 200mA .

Re-cap: Regulation - 701.415.2. . Supplementary-equipotential-bonding . the regulation states that where the location containing a bath or shower in abuilding with a protective equipotential-bonding system in accordance with . Regulation - 411.3.1.2. Supplementary-equipotential-bonding . may be omitted where all of the following conditions are met .

iv) . all final-circuits of the location comply with the requirements for automatic-disconnection according to . Regulation - 411.3.2.
v). all final-circuits of the location have additional-protection by means of an RCD . in accordance with . Regulation - 701.411.3.3.
vi). All - extraneous-conductive-parts of the location are effectively connected to the protective-equipotential-bonding accordance to . Regulation -411.3.1.2.

this means the Inspector . needs to make an assessment that all . extraneous-conductive-parts of the location are effectively connected to the. protective- equipotential-bonding .according to - 411.3.1.2.

Note: the effectiveness of the connection of . extraneous-conductive-parts in the location to the . main-earthing-terminal may beassessed . where necessary . by theapplication of Regulation - 415.2.2.

Regulation- 415.2.2. States .
Where doubt exists regarding the effectiveness of Supplementary-equipotential-bonding. it shall be confirmed that the résistance ( R ) between simultaneously-accessible . exposed-conductive-parts , and extraneous-conductive-parts . fulfils the following conditions: [ R ≤ 50V / Ia . in a.c. systems ] where .

Ia . is the operating-current in amperes of the protective-device for RCD . ( IΔn ) for overcurrent-devices .the current causing . automatic-operation in ( 5s )

 

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Continuity - confirmed :

During any verification process to confirm the soundness ofan electrical installation - whether it be a new installation, an alteration oraddition, or whether examining the condition of an existing installation - thecontinuity of conductors has to be confirmed.

The requirements of Regulation - 612.2.1 and Regulation - 612.2.2 of BS7671:2011: regarding the continuity ofprotective conductors are generally well understood. However, the implicationsof not testing the line and neutral conductors for continuity are often notfully appreciated.

Why do we carry outcontinuity-tests :

Firstly, it is to ensure that any earthing system is acontinuous and a low resistance path to allow the passage of fault currents ofsufficient magnitude to operate the protective device during fault conditionswithin the required disconnection time.

Secondly, confirmation of the “ zero ” potential between metal parts, both extraneousand exposed-conductive-parts, within an installation to reduce the effects ofelectric shock for the user of the electrical installation.

Thirdly, that the conductors, including all line and neutralconductors, are connected in the correct sequence for safety and foroperational purposes.

Polarity,
Although not directly part of continuity testing, doesfacilitate the confirmation that conductors are continuous and connected in thecorrect sequence.
Earth fault loop impedance testing is part of the ( Verification processof the continuity of the conductors ) , although this test on its owndoes not prove that all conductors are continuous.

One of the areas that are oftenoverlooked is the continuity of neutral conductors. ( Apartfrom ring final circuit continuity testing ) , there is no requirement in BS 7671 toverify the continuity of neutral conductors. Nor is there any facility in thecertificates to record neutral continuity.
( ring final circuit continuitytesting ) Generic schedule of test-results . p.402 . Ring-final-circuit-continuity - L . N . CPC .

2394: Condition of circuit-accessories -621.2. (iii) confirmation that the installation is notdamaged or deteriorated so as to impair-safety . PIR .

- Operation of main-switches- function - check . 612.13.2.
Equipment . such as switchgear and controlgear assemblies .drivers . control and interlocks . shall be subjected to a functional-test . to show that it is properlymounted . adjusted and installed in accordance with the relevant requirementsof these Regulations .

- Manual operation of circuit-breakers. & RCDs to provide disconnection - 612.13.2.

 

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Useful - Junk

New numbering system introduced for UK - only national regulations
Amendment - 1 :2011: . UK national regulations will end in [ 100 . 101 . 102 ] Etc 522.6.102 .

The reason : This will show regulations that are specific to the UK - only . and Not used in the EU . :icon_bs:

 

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• The structure of the newElectrical Installation Condition Report (EICR) remains the same - it has thereport pages and associated schedule of inspections and schedule of testresults. All of these are included in what ? Isit:

A - Model forms in Appendix 7 of BS 7671:2008(2011)

B - Model forms in Appendix 6 of BS 7671: 2008(2011) p.389
​

C - New section 710 of BS 7671:2008(2011)

A - Model forms in Appendix 7 of BS 7671:2008 (2011)- [ Harmonized cable core colours ]
C - New section 710 of BS 7671:2008(2011) - [ Medical locations ]

2394 : • What should be recordedin the summary of observations section ( K ) on the report ? Is it:

Answer - One of the following codes ← . as appropriate . has been allocated to each of the observations made. Etc

A - Any C1, C2 or C3 classification code - p.397
​

B - All C4 classification codes
C - The new C5 classification code (as well asall others)

 

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• What ties in with Regulation ( 15 ) ofthe Electricity at work Regulations ? Isit:

A - The European form from CENELEC
B - Section 534 - Devices for protectionagainst overvoltage

C - Section 729 - Operating / maintenancegangways
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Mainly concerning . Electrical-switch-rooms .and Restricted-areas . this amendment ties in with . Regulation - 15 . of the Electricity at work Regulations and includes requirements for working-spaces . gangway width . operational-access . emergency-access. and emergency-evacuation .

 

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TheElectricity at Work Regulation 1989 . :welcome2:

Persons involvedin electrical installation work must be [ Competent ]
TheElectricity at Work Regulation 1989 imposes duties on persons involved in electrical-work. whether employers . the self-employed or employees . including most trainees.

Regulation- 16 . [ Persons to be competent to prevent danger and injury ] states “ No person shall be engaged in any work activitywhere technical-knowledge or experience is necessary to prevent danger or .where appropriate . injury . [ Unless he possesses such knowledge or experience . or is under such degree ofsupervision as may be appropriatehaving regard to the nature of the work ]

TheMemorandum of guidance on the . Electricity at Work Regulation 1989 - [ HSR25.HSE: 1989 ] states that “ the object of the regulation is to ensure that personsare not placed at risk due to a [ Lack of Skills on the part of themselves or others in dealing withelectrical equipment ]

The [ Scope of technical-knowledge or experiencemay include ]

□ Adequate knowledge of electricity .
□ Adequate experience of electrical work .
□ Adequate understanding of the system to beworked on and practical experience of that class of system .
□ Understanding of the hazards which may ariseof the hazards which may arise during the work and the precautions which needto be taken .
□ Ability to recognise at all times whether itis safe for work to [ continue ]

Regulation- 110.1.1. apply to the . design . erection and verification ofelectrical-installations such as theses of :

i) residential-premises .
ii) commercial-premises .
iii) public-premises .
iv) industrial-premises . Etc .

Legislation 2394: That we must work under . The BuildingRegulations of England and Wales. this is the one am working- of 2008 .

A dwelling isa place of work when work is undertaken . ThisAct empowers the Secretary of Sate to make regulations . The most relevant toelectrical-installation work are :

- TheElectricity at Work Regulation 1989 .
- Healthand Safety at Work . Act - 1974 .
- Managementof Health and Safety at Work Regulations - 1992 .
- Construction( Design and Management ) Regulations - 2007 .
-Provision and Use of Work-equipment Regulations - 1998 .
- PersonalProtective Equipment at Work Regulations - 1992 .
- ElectricitySafety . Quality and Continuity Regulations - 2002 .
- Construction( Heath . Safety and Welfare ) Regulations - 1996 .

Legislation 2394:

- The BuildingRegulations of England and Wales .
- ApprovedDocument P : Electrical Safety - Dwellings’. ( P1)

Scope ofPart - P .
Part - Papplies to electrical-installations in buildings or part of buildingscomprising .
i) Dwellings houses and Flats .
ii) Dwellings and business premises that have acommon [ Metered-supply ] Etc.

Re-cap: The scope of the Electricity at WorkRegulations 1989 . is much wider than [ BS-7671:2008:2011: ] taken from Extracts . BS - p.10. 2008
Requirementsfor Electrical-Installations in that they require .

- Installationsto be constructed so as to be safe - Regulations 4(1) 5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.
- Installationsto be maintained so as to be safe - Regulation 4(2) .
- Associatedwork to be carried out safely - Regulation - 4(3) 13.14.15.
- Workequipment provided to be suitably for the purpose - Regulation 4(4)
- Personsto be [ competent ] -Regulation - 16 .

 

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Certification and Reporting.

Point to note- During incident investigations the ( HSE ) may examine .Electrical-installation-condition-report . any Certificate . Report .

( EIC) . ( EICR ) . ( MWC ) . Schedule of inspections . Schedule of test-results .

 

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Question - aFinal-circuit is the wiring between the ? -&-s

Definitions - p.28 . Answer .
Circuit connecteddirectly to current-using-equipment . or to a socket-outlet or socket-outlets or other-outlets-points for theconnection of such equipment .

Definitions - p.34 .
Ring-final-circuit - Final-circuit arranged in the form of a ring and connected to a single-pointof supply . [ Consumer-unit and the current-using-equipment ]

 

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If I have the C&G - 2392 will I have totake the new C&G - 2394 .
No ) The 2392 will remain the standard for .Inspecting & Testing your own work to sign it off under . Part-P of the Building regulations .

2394 : Devices for protection against the risk of fire includes .

RCDs not exceeding 500mA .
RCDs not exceeding 300mA .
Time - delayed RCDs .
Type - B circuit-breaker .

The regulations have to state the facts .

p.139 . 532 : Devices for protection againstthe risk of fire .

532.1. Where in accordance with the requirements of regulation - 422.3.9. it is necessary to limit the consequence of fault-currents in awiring-system from the point of view of fire-risk . the circuit shall be either:

i) protected by an RCD complying with regulation - 531.2. for fault-protection .

- the RCD shall be installed at the origin of the circuit to be protected.
- theRCD shall switch all . live-conductors’ .
- the rated-residual-operating-current of the RCDshall not exceed 300mA .

 

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Q) . To comply with Part - 6 of BS-7671:2011: Periodic inspection & testing shall be specifically undertaken by . ?
Part - 6 . 621.5. p.195 . A). Periodic inspection & testing shall be undertaken by a [ competent-person ] -&-s

Blast from the past .
Q) . An electrical-installation has thefollowing single-phase-circuits installed. using multi-core-thermoplastic . non-armored-cables.
2 x 6A - lighting . = 4
2 x 32A - ring-final-circuit . = 8
1 x 16A - water-heater . = 2
1 x 32A - cooker . = 2

If the circuits are contained within . PVC - trunking ► prior to entering the consumer-control-unit - ( CCU ) Q) . how many Live-conductors’ would be present in thetrunking . [ 6 . 8 . 16 . 24 . ] A) Part- 2 . Definitions - 30 . Live-part .

Live-part . A conductor or conductive-part intended to be energized in normal-use . including a Neutral - conductor.

 

[B16 Tom]

Brill just started the 2394 at northampton college thanks

 

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Based on the syllabus ofthe . -&-s 2394 :Initial-verification exam . designed around - GN-3 . & BS-7671:2008:2011: is your . 2394 - syllabus .

Gentle - reminder . Chief-examiners-report - 2012 .
It would appear that candidates are not awarethat a ( Working-knowledge of Guidance-note 3 . &BS-7671:2008:2011: ) is required to achieve success in thisqualification . candidates demonstrated ( gaps ) in both Technical and Underpinning of subject matters . Based

My point:- Candidates wishing to take the 2394 or 2395 : Qualifications would be strongly advised to obtain the 17[SUP]th[/SUP] Editionfirst . Which demonstrates a knowledge and understanding ofthe 17[SUP]th[/SUP] Edition - 2011:

The 2394 or 2395 : Qualifications is intended to enable candidates to develop thenecessary-understanding and technical-knowledgerelating to the . Inspection . Testing and Certification of electrical-installations . ( BS-7671:2008:2011: and Guidance-Note 3 )

 

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It would appear that candidates are notaware that a ( Working-knowledge of Guidance-Note - 3 . & BS-7671:2008:2011: ) is required to achieve success in thisqualification . candidates demonstrated gaps in both technical and underpinningof subject-matter .

► BS-EN-61008-1 . shoulddisconnect in ( 200mS ) at 1 xIn . ( Wrong-Answer )
½ -In no-trip
100% - In / 300mS .
500% - In / 40mS .

► BS-200mS
► BS-EN - 300mS . Watch thewording .

GN-3. p.59 . Table- 2.9 .Operational-tripping-times for various RCDs

 

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Usingof correct - terminology : Chief -Examiners report . 2012 .

Correct- terminology must be used when answering questions . candidates continue touse ( Incorrect - terminology )
Incorrect- titles of documents continue to appear in candidates “ responses “ some candidates are still using 16[SUP]th[/SUP] - Edition/ terminology .

►► Candidates are expected to Use terms from BS-7671: from the 17[SUP]th[/SUP] Edition - 2008: first -amendment - 2011:

Main-equipotential-bonding-conductor. 16[SUP]th[/SUP] - Edition O.S.G. 2004 . some candidates are still using 16[SUP]th[/SUP] - Edition/ terminology / 2012:

p.27 . Protective-bonding-conductor: Protective-conductor provided for the protective- equipotential-bonding . 2008:
p.27 . Protective-equipotential-bonding: Equipotential-bonding for the purpose of safety . 2008:

“Reason “ p.24 .

Equipotential-bonding. Electrical connection maintaining various - exposed-conductive-pars andextraneous-conductive-parts . at substantially the same potential - ( See also Protective-equipotential-bonding)

p.32 . Protective-bonding-conductor: Protective-conductor provided for the protective- equipotential-bonding . 2011:
p.32 . Protective-equipotential-bonding: Equipotential-bonding for the purpose of safety . 2011:

“Reason “ p.27.

Equipotential-bonding. Electrical connection maintaining various - exposed-conductive-pars andextraneous-conductive-parts . at substantially the same potential - ( See also Protective-equipotential-bonding) 2011:

Descriptionsof Instruments used for particular-testscontinue to be ( Vague ) in order to be fair to all . candidates onlythe title of instrument(s) stated in Chapter - 4 of Guidance-Note 3 are (Acceptable ) . the instrument used for the measurement of - ( PFC ) prospective-fault-current . is ( Not - identified ) by name in GN-3 but a -Title of ( PFC- tester would be acceptable )

Itwould appear that candidates are not aware that a working knowledge of Guidance-Note 3 .and BS-7671:2008:2011: is required to achieve success in this qualification .candidates demonstrated gaps in both technical and underpinning of subjectmatter .