i fail to see any detriment in a PME system having a rod added as well. it's done as standard in some other countries, and round here a lot of older
TN-S systems also have a rod.
 
i fail to see any detriment in a PME system having a rod added as well. it's done as standard in some other countries, and round here a lot of older
TN-S systems also have a rod.

So I assume the rod is installed outside, under the ground? I assume simply a connection from this rod is routed and connected to the charging unit inside (replacing the earth of this unit from the PME). Is that right?
 
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My neighbour has an electric car. he parks it in the runway in front of his garage, and he brings the charging cable under the door from the garage and plugs it in to his car. There is no way he can ever get his car into the garage. Should I assume that he has an earth rod externally, because there is no evidence of such a thing. The outside parking court is a communal area, so if he has an earth rod, he needs consent from the other owners...not that anyone is likely to object, but you know how it is with awkward neighbours. Does the very fact that he parks outside, within 10' of the socket, make a difference?
 
I've recently quoted for two jobs and in both instances none of the other people who quoted mentioned anything to the client about the possibility of an earth rod(s) having to be installed. I asked each client for details of the EV charging unit that was to be installed. All of the units listed would most certainly have required a rod(s). The earthing system for each of the two installations was T-N-CS.

So, either the clients weren't, for whatever reason(s), informed of the need for an earth rod(s), or the installers weren't planning on fitting any. I would be most alarmed indeed if it was the latter and hope that this isn't an ominous warning of corners being cut in order to produce competitive quotes that will win jobs. Alas, I fear it is, and that yet another race to the bottom has begun within the domestic market.

Those of us who are OLEV approved installers can obtain grants on behalf of clients under the Homecharge Scheme. The grant will cover up to 75% of the installation costs of an EV charger up to a maximum of £500. As this places non-approved installers at a huge disadvantage when competing for jobs, such installers must either reduce their profit margins in order to compete. One way to do so is to cut corners. The other would be to do the City & Guilds course at a cost £400+ and then join either SELECT or NICEIC as OLEV will not approve Scottish contractors who are not a member of either of these two trade bodies.

If an EV charger is to be installed on a T-N-CS system, not only is a rod(s) to be installed, but additional measures also need to be taken. For instance, any class I luminaires that are connected to the T-N-CS system and are located within simultaneous touching distance of the charger, the connection point and the vehicle under charge; would need to be replaced with class II fittings. Any extraneous conductive metalwork such a water or gas pipe would either need to be shielded in a non-conductive enclosure or converted to plastic piping. These arrangements are absolutely vital so to prevent simultaneous contact being made by a person between two different types of earthing systems. A risk-assessment needs to be undertaken. The written risk assessment document should be appended to the Electrical Installation Certificate. For clarity and reference, I have uploaded section 6.8 of the Code of Practice for Electric Vehicle Charging Equipment.

On the basis of what I have seen in the photographs that were uploaded by the OP, I conclude that an earth rod(s) should have been installed. Furthermore, there is no mention in the manufacturer's installation instructions for the EO Mini Pro that their product incorporates any in-built protection that would negate the need for an earth rod(s).

Although the OP has conceded in a previous post that it was him/her who advised the contractor to install the charger in the position that it now occupies, the contractor should nevertheless have been aware of the risks that would ensue from positioning the charging point in a place where it could be used to charge a vehicle located outdoors and should have advised the OP accordingly IMHO.
 

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So I assume the rod is installed outside, under the ground? I assume simply a connection from this rod is routed and connected to the charging unit inside (replacing the earth of this unit from the PME). Is that right?
Its probably best to put all these points to the electrician who installed it, they can then hopefully answer some of the questions.
If a rod does need to be installed it then needs to be connected at the right point in the installation (I.e. the small consumer unit housing the RCD and circuit breaker). The earth cable going into the small consumer unit would need to be removed otherwise you have 2 separate earthing systems together.
The earth cable needs to be the correct size and the earth rod needs obtain a suitable resistance value.
But... rather than getting bogged down with lots of differing views on this forum I would chat to the installing electrician. They seem to have done a neat job and have ticked all other required boxes (apart from one or 2 errors in the certificate), so put the questions to them now that you have a little more knowledge.
 
I've never looked in any detail at the EV chargers regulations as ive never needed to yet. My thoughts are only based on my logic and what i've seen on the forum.

I assume the desire to connect the chargers to a TT earthing system relates to the car being connected to the installation earth whilst charging and thus becoming live during a PEN failure when connected to PME.
So if the car is inside then it becomes a big piece of exposed earthed metal whilst charging, so if it was connected to a TT system whilst the rest of the installation is connected to PME then the car would be an extraneous part to the installation introducing a dangerous earth potential.

Spot on Dave.
 
If a rod does need to be installed it then needs to be connected at the right point in the installation (I.e. the small consumer unit housing the RCD and circuit breaker). The earth cable going into the small consumer unit would need to be removed otherwise you have 2 separate earthing systems

No! The rod is connected to the EV charger!! The CPC of the T&E would be insulated and parked at the charger end of the circuit, but connected to the MET at the supply side of the circuit. It's no different from the arrangement that would be used if you were installing a consumer unit in a garage via a TT system.
 
So I assume the rod is installed outside, under the ground? I assume simply a connection from this rod is routed and connected to the charging unit inside (replacing the earth of this unit from the PME). Is that right

Correct!
 
Ok so the whole installation would have to be TT for this particular set up to comply?

No. The whole installation remains T-N-CS apart from the EV charging circuit. As the rod is connected to the EV charger only that one dedicated circuit becomes TT.
 
No. The whole installation remains T-N-CS apart from the EV charging circuit. As the rod is connected to the EV charger only that one dedicated circuit becomes TT.

No, the circuit does not become TT, the circuit is connected to the PME. It is only the charger which would be connected to the earth electrode, this creates some interesting issues to my mind.

But the problem with this as I stated earlier is that you cannot have the charger which is inside connected to its own earth rod because that makes it and the car an extraneous part to the PME connected installation.
The charging point and car in the garage is within the equipotential zone of the installation.
 
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No! The rod is connected to the EV charger!! The CPC of the T&E would be insulated and parked at the charger end of the circuit, but connected to the MET at the supply side of the circuit. It's no different from the arrangement that would be used if you were installing a consumer unit in a garage via a TT system.

It is very different to installing a supply to an outbuilding, this unit is within the equipotential zone of the installation, not seperate from it.
 
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If an EV charger is to be installed on a T-N-CS system, not only is a rod(s) to be installed, but additional measures also need to be taken. For instance, any class I luminaires that are connected to the T-N-CS system and are located within simultaneous touching distance of the charger, the connection point and the vehicle under charge; would need to be replaced with class II fittings. Any extraneous conductive metalwork such a water or gas pipe would either need to be shielded in a non-conductive enclosure or converted to plastic piping. These arrangements are absolutely vital so to prevent simultaneous contact being made by a person between two different types of earthing systems. A risk-assessment needs to be undertaken. The written risk assessment document should be appended to the Electrical Installation Certificate. For clarity and reference, I have uploaded section 6.8 of the Code of Practice for Electric Vehicle Charging Equipment.

These arrangements you suggest are laughable, changing lights to class 2? What happens when the light is replaced?
Shielding pipes in non-conductive material? How do you test this site applied insulation? Who will maintain it and ensure it remains in good order?

Let me guess, the solution to the problems is going to be some sort of label telling people what to do or not do? Again, pointless, nobody reads these labels.
 
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As long as the installer made you aware that the car must only be charged inside then it's all good. Maybe a sticker stating this on the charger itself as a reminder would have been a good idea too.

Stickers are a pointless waste of time, they will not be read or taken notice of.
 
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Stickers are a pointless waste of time, they will not be read or taken notice of.
Completely agree. I feel they are a way of making the installer feel more comfortable with themselves even though they have potentially left a dangerous situation.
I have just seen a garage CU fed by 1.5mm SWA. It has as 32A MCB in it to feed 3 double sockets on a radial. It has a sticker on each socket saying '6A only'!
 
No, the circuit does not become TT, the circuit is connected to the PME. It is only the charger which would be connected to the earth electrode, this creates some interesting issues to my mind.

But the problem with this as I stated earlier is that you cannot have the charger which is inside connected to its own earth rod because that makes it and the car an extraneous part to the PME connected installation.
The charging point and car in the garage is within the equipotential zone of the installation.

Source:

https://professional-electrician.com/18th-edition/18th-edition-ev-charging

What do the Wiring Regulations say?

When opened to public comment, the draft revisions for section 722 came under intense scrutiny from the industry. In the final published document, the option to use a protective multiple earthing (PME) facility was reduced. PME is the most common form of earthing provided in new electrical installations.

There are ways that PME can be used, but these are often difficult to achieve. Therefore, most installations will rely on separation of the earthing system and making the EV a TT system (using an electrode in the ground).
 
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I see your point davesparks.

The fact on this particular job then is

1 - Either make the whole system TT
2 - Install a charging unit suitable for PME
3 - Remove the garage

I do not agree with the sticker idea as this is a step backwards, if we cannot label a socket in the loft 'TV booster only' then a EV charger is out of the question.
 
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The attached scan is from section 5.3.3.3.1, page 32 of the Code of Practice for Electric Vehicle Charging Equipment Installation. The section heading is: Providing a TT earthing system for the charging equipment.
 

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These arrangements you suggest are laughable, changing lights to class 2? What happens when the light is replaced?

These are not my suggestions, they are what I was taught on the City & Guilds course in EV charging that I did. I dare say that anyone else who has completed the course would have been taught the same.

If these 'suggestions' amuse you, why not e-mail Bill Allan of NAPIT and laugh loudly at him while you tell him that you know more about EV charging than he does. Meanwhile, kindly desist from trying to me appear foolish. Fair enough?

https://professional-electrician.com/18th-edition/changes-introduce-shock-risk
 
These are not my suggestions, they are what I was taught on the City & Guilds course in EV charging that I did. I dare say that anyone else who has completed the course would have been taught the same.

If these 'suggestions' amuse you, why not e-mail Bill Allan of NAPIT and laugh loudly at him while you tell him that you know more about EV charging than he does. Meanwhile, kindly desist from trying to me appear foolish. Fair enough?

https://professional-electrician.com/18th-edition/changes-introduce-shock-risk
I was also taught as you describe, and that is what we have to do in installing ev systems, but I think Dave sparks is also right ( maybe I wouldn’t go as far as to say laughable).

For these reasons I won’t fit EV charging points until the code of practice is sorted and an appropriate voltage potential device is invented and fitted in all ev chargers.
 
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The cert is 17th edition, when was the job done?
 
Dear JK-Electrical, you have made a major contribution (#44) to this thread and are clearly installing EV professionally and strictly in accordance with the regulations - thank you and 10/10 Sir.

I did not read Davesparks' comments as directed at you and intended to make you look foolish; rather I interpreted his remarks as directed at the regulations and how they will perform in practical settings - a professional debate on the regulations then, some of the content of which he regards as 'foolish'. Not a great choice of word though IMHO - perhaps ill-thought out would be better said.

:)
M
 
I obtained a copy of the report mentioned in the wiring matters magazine article (linked in post #35) sometime ago.

It was an in depth study on the use of PME with regards electric vehicle charging points, authorised by the IET standards Ltd and carried out by the Health and safety Laboratory (HSL).

I have the full report in my emails if anyone wants a copy (I seem to be unable to save/copy it) or the 'results' part of the report is below. It does seem that the 'additional' risk of using PME for the EVCP is very, very low.
From the report below you can see that the 'additional' risk of death or serious injury (p/year) is 0.0000011 (this is 1 in a million). This is also the worst case scenario AND they state that the risk value calculated is likely to be significantly higher than reality, so this means the risk is likely to be far lower than 1 in a million (for example 1 in 10 million), meaning its highly, highly unlikely to pose an additional risk of death or serious injury.
 

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Thanks alot for putting this video clip up JK, it was very interesting and answered a few questions for me.
I see where you are coming from with regards connecting the earth rod to the charge point, you are referring to method (ii) of 722.411.4.1. You are basically adding a supplementary earth electrode rather than making the whole system TT.
 
Hi,

Hmm i'm not sure where to start with all this. There appears to have been a lot of debate on the subject, and some of the discussions i'm not even entirely sure if I fully followed or not?

Please correct me if I'm wrong in my understanding.

1) The primarily use of the EVCharger will to charge the car whilst it is parked inside the garage. I wanted to confirm that, for this primary purpose am I correct to say that the current installation/setup is OK? So while the car is charging in the garage and in the event of a certain major fault conditions (PEN faults?), we would not be at ANY risk whilst inside, despite touching the car or anything metal in the surroundings (see uploaded photos).
And in this setup, we would not required an earthing rod for this primary use stated here?

2) The main issue that arises is when one decides to charge the car parked outside i.e. car is on the monoblock drive outside of the garage door, whilst connected to the internal EVCharger unit. Under this scenario, if a major fault condition (PEN fault) occurred, there would be a risk if one was touching the car and standing outside on the driveway? In this use-case scenario, one would require an earth rod installation to mitigate the above risk. Is that correct?

However, in situation where I do have an earth rod installed to accommodate use-case scenario (2). Does that mean I can no longer charge the car whilst inside the garage as per use-case (1) without risk?
If I get an earth rod installation, can it accommodate both scenarios of (1) and (2)?

I am not sure I fully understood the previous debates, but seemed to get the impression that if we had an earth rod setup it'll be fine to charge the car outside (scenario 2); but this then has a knock-on-effect as could cause similar risks if one is to charge the car inside the garage and a fault condition arises (PEN fault).
Is this correct?

It sounds like for the given EVCharger that we have, I can only either use this inside only or outside only; and not a mix. Again, correct me if i'm wrong as this is what I've picked up.
At the moment due to the installation setup, i'm only safe to use this when the car is charged inside.
If that is the case, that's fine I would opt to charge the car inside. Prior to the install I was never aware of this issue, no mention was made on the earth rod etc.

I assumed that one could use it charger both ways (inside and outside - provided you could get the cable out). If I have to choose, I'm happy to stick with using the charging inside the garage as this will be my primary use.

Btw, just to be clear i have posted some further pictures of the garage surrounds as it shows other items in there i.e. boiler, any gas pipework, garage opener, smoke alarms etc. In case its of any relevance to all this...

Just to add, the installation was only carried out on Friday. The company is approved for the OLEV scheme; and I also got an application for EST funding for this install.
I wish I knew about this issue, as I may have ended up picking a different charging unit that didn't require earth rod requirements.

I really appreciate everyone's input; and your patience.

Cheers,
HY

garage1.jpg

garage2.jpg

garage3.jpg
 
I think you’ve pretty much got it.

As for choosing a unit that wouldn’t need an earth rod. They don’t exist yet.

It states in ev code of practice you can install a voltage trip monitoring device, but they don’t exist and haven’t been invented yet.

This is one of the reasons I don’t fit EV yet even though I can as I’ve done the C&G course.
It’s not been thought through.
 
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What happens if it’s both as yours is?
In theory changing the whole of the installation to TT which is way over the top. I don’t like that solution at all.
the below confirms my earlier statement.
 
Photo didn’t work
Ev code of practice.
6.9 (iii) if a risk assesment shows that the risk of simultaneous contact between any accessible conductive parts connected to PME earth , and any extraneous or exposed conductive parts associated with outdoor vehicle charging equipment( including the connection point and the vehicle on charge) cannot be prevented, the adoption of a TT system for the whole installation can be considered.
 
Hi,

Hmm i'm not sure where to start with all this. There appears to have been a lot of debate on the subject, and some of the discussions i'm not even entirely sure if I fully followed or not?

Please correct me if I'm wrong in my understanding.

1) The primarily use of the EVCharger will to charge the car whilst it is parked inside the garage. I wanted to confirm that, for this primary purpose am I correct to say that the current installation/setup is OK? So while the car is charging in the garage and in the event of a certain major fault conditions (PEN faults?), we would not be at ANY risk whilst inside, despite touching the car or anything metal in the surroundings (see uploaded photos).
And in this setup, we would not required an earthing rod for this primary use stated here?

2) The main issue that arises is when one decides to charge the car parked outside i.e. car is on the monoblock drive outside of the garage door, whilst connected to the internal EVCharger unit. Under this scenario, if a major fault condition (PEN fault) occurred, there would be a risk if one was touching the car and standing outside on the driveway? In this use-case scenario, one would require an earth rod installation to mitigate the above risk. Is that correct?

However, in situation where I do have an earth rod installed to accommodate use-case scenario (2). Does that mean I can no longer charge the car whilst inside the garage as per use-case (1) without risk?
If I get an earth rod installation, can it accommodate both scenarios of (1) and (2)?

I am not sure I fully understood the previous debates, but seemed to get the impression that if we had an earth rod setup it'll be fine to charge the car outside (scenario 2); but this then has a knock-on-effect as could cause similar risks if one is to charge the car inside the garage and a fault condition arises (PEN fault).
Is this correct?

It sounds like for the given EVCharger that we have, I can only either use this inside only or outside only; and not a mix. Again, correct me if i'm wrong as this is what I've picked up.
At the moment due to the installation setup, i'm only safe to use this when the car is charged inside.
If that is the case, that's fine I would opt to charge the car inside. Prior to the install I was never aware of this issue, no mention was made on the earth rod etc.

I assumed that one could use it charger both ways (inside and outside - provided you could get the cable out). If I have to choose, I'm happy to stick with using the charging inside the garage as this will be my primary use.

Btw, just to be clear i have posted some further pictures of the garage surrounds as it shows other items in there i.e. boiler, any gas pipework, garage opener, smoke alarms etc. In case its of any relevance to all this...

Just to add, the installation was only carried out on Friday. The company is approved for the OLEV scheme; and I also got an application for EST funding for this install.
I wish I knew about this issue, as I may have ended up picking a different charging unit that didn't require earth rod requirements.

I really appreciate everyone's input; and your patience.

Cheers,
HY

View attachment 51253

View attachment 51254

View attachment 51255
I'll try and answer some of your points hyeung but I think the main answer is that electric vehicle charging points (EVCP) are fairly new and as such all the implications have not been thought through, so you may not get the simple 'yes/no' answers that you would like (as I would).

Point 1
The way I read it you should not even be able to charge the vehicle outside if it is PME, just having good intentions of always doing it inside is not good enough as at some point someone will do it outside, be it your self or the next owners.
However, if you do charge it inside then the risk will be far less (its kind of impossible to say negated as there is always some risk with electrics). This is assuming that your existing electrics are up to standard, in particular you have all the required Main bonding in your house or indeed bonding in the garage if required.

Point 2
Having an earth rod for the whole garage or perhaps just for the EVCP would seem to negate the effect of electric shock whilst outside as long as you cannot come into contact with any metal parts (whilst simultaneously touching the car) which are part of the PME system, exposed or extraneous.

As with point 2 it would still be ok to charge the vehicle indoors if you have an earth rod as long as you cannot come into simultaneous contact with any metal parts which are part of the PME system. (e.g. touching car and other metal part at the same time)

I would have thought a bit of investigation when installing these units would be undertaken to establish if any extraneous conductive parts are simultaneously touchable with the vehicle or charging point.
 
I'll try and answer some of your points hyeung but I think the main answer is that electric vehicle charging points (EVCP) are fairly new and as such all the implications have not been thought through, so you may not get the simple 'yes/no' answers that you would like (as I would).

Point 1
The way I read it you should not even be able to charge the vehicle outside if it is PME, just having good intentions of always doing it inside is not good enough as at some point someone will do it outside, be it your self or the next owners.
However, if you do charge it inside then the risk will be far less (its kind of impossible to say negated as there is always some risk with electrics). This is assuming that your existing electrics are up to standard, in particular you have all the required Main bonding in your house or indeed bonding in the garage if required.

Point 2
Having an earth rod for the whole garage or perhaps just for the EVCP would seem to negate the effect of electric shock whilst outside as long as you cannot come into contact with any metal parts (whilst simultaneously touching the car) which are part of the PME system, exposed or extraneous.

As with point 2 it would still be ok to charge the vehicle indoors if you have an earth rod as long as you cannot come into simultaneous contact with any metal parts which are part of the PME system. (e.g. touching car and other metal part at the same time)

I would have thought a bit of investigation when installing these units would be undertaken to establish if any extraneous conductive parts are simultaneously touchable with the vehicle or charging point.
I'll try and answer some of your points hyeung but I think the main answer is that electric vehicle charging points (EVCP) are fairly new and as such all the implications have not been thought through, so you may not get the simple 'yes/no' answers that you would like (as I would).

Point 1
The way I read it you should not even be able to charge the vehicle outside if it is PME, just having good intentions of always doing it inside is not good enough as at some point someone will do it outside, be it your self or the next owners.
However, if you do charge it inside then the risk will be far less (its kind of impossible to say negated as there is always some risk with electrics). This is assuming that your existing electrics are up to standard, in particular you have all the required Main bonding in your house or indeed bonding in the garage if required.

Point 2
Having an earth rod for the whole garage or perhaps just for the EVCP would seem to negate the effect of electric shock whilst outside as long as you cannot come into contact with any metal parts (whilst simultaneously touching the car) which are part of the PME system, exposed or extraneous.

As with point 2 it would still be ok to charge the vehicle indoors if you have an earth rod as long as you cannot come into simultaneous contact with any metal parts which are part of the PME system. (e.g. touching car and other metal part at the same time)

I would have thought a bit of investigation when installing these units would be undertaken to establish if any extraneous conductive parts are simultaneously touchable with the vehicle or charging point.

Hi,

So for point 1; sounds like I'm perfectly fine with indoor charging as it stands. I wasn't sure what you meant by bonding.

For point 2; assuming i had the earth rod setup, as per my recent uploaded photos. The only obvious metal areas that come to mind would probably be the gas pipe entering the wall towards to garage door and where that pipe comes down toward the boiler. The garage opener situated at the top; i imagine is using the house earth (PME), and not sure if that conducts with the garage door as such.

Looking at the gas pipe connection from outside coming in, it appears to be earthed.

It just sounds impratical if one has to shield all these areas? assuming I am correct on what i've highlighted?

You can give me your thoughts, but it sounds like alot hassle to accommodate this indoor charger for outdoor use; and as my primarily use is indoors, then i might as well just stick with that. I appreciate it doesn't negate things from a safety point of view as it does not stop some else using it in another way.
Not sure what to do!?
If i knew this, i would have consider a different unit that supports PME i.e. Zappi or the more expensive Andersen A2 units.

Is it still worth while querying the installer, on the use of this outdoors to see what they say? or just act unaware and mention I noticed that for the unit, there appears to be mention of a mandatory earth rod required for this given unit i.e. does this mean i can't use this outside etc?

Can I ask what the cost would be involve to get an earth rod installed? I assume the part is cheap but more of the labour? Sounds like i'm gonna get stung for additional labour costs to install? But as mentioned, if makes charging inside problematic then i'd be inclined not to do it?
Thoughts?

garage4.jpg
 
I've been reading these posts & links back and forth, and I 'm confused. Easily done.

After watching the vid, I think it suggest using a supplementary earth, connected to the MET of a TN-C-S supply. Why would TT'ing just the charger be an option, with the problems outlined?
 
It is all getting a bit confusing isn't it!
I know what i'd do in my own home but i'm afraid that would be irresponsible to say on a open forum!
Have a chat with the installer @hyeung and put a few of these points to them.
 
I've been reading these posts & links back and forth, and I 'm confused. Easily done.

After watching the vid, I think it suggest using a supplementary earth ROD, connected to the MET of a TN-C-S supply. Why would TT'ing just the charger be an option, with the problems outlined?

Missed that bit in my post :rolleyes:
 
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It is all getting a bit confusing isn't it!
I know what i'd do in my own home but i'm afraid that would be irresponsible to say on a open forum!

Go on, your secret would be safe with us.
 
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Here's another aspect to consider (3.6.2. Earthing);

None of this seems to have been thoroughly considered. Perhaps the recent power outage, was down to people using EV chargers for POETS day on Friday :)

And to think the draft 18th was gonna make us add a rod to every pme property!
 
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This suggests they do exist?

Yep I concede.

They do now exist.
When I did my course about 12 months ago they didn’t.

Probably start fitting them now.
 
Yep I concede.

They do now exist.
When I did my course about 12 months ago they didn’t.

Probably start fitting them now.

It does beg the question though, when all have electric cars, how the infrastructure will manage?
 
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The obvious choice for anybody is to fit a charging unit suitable for PME.

Why not the supplementary earth rod path?
 

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