The picture does indeed show the correct wiring for what you want. The fact that the outlet switches off with the switch proves that it is not wired according to the picture and the outlet is connected to the outgoing side of the switch, you should double check you have correctly identified each cable at the switch as it sounds like you have mixed up the incoming feed with the cable going to the light.
A problem between the panel and the switch would not cause the outlet to be switched on and off by the switch.
You nailed it. When I originally pulled the switch out, there was a black screw with one of the black wires going to that so I just assumed that was the power. Turns out it was wired incorrectly prior to me working in bathroom which would explain why the switch always shut off the power to receptacle.The picture does indeed show the correct wiring for what you want. The fact that the outlet switches off with the switch proves that it is not wired according to the picture and the outlet is connected to the outgoing side of the switch, you should double check you have correctly identified each cable at the switch as it sounds like you have mixed up the incoming feed with the cable going to the light.
A problem between the panel and the switch would not cause the outlet to be switched on and off by the switch.
I pigtailed the other black and now it works.
Good call, thanks for input!