If you're quick enough with the megger after the RCD trips, you will see a rapidly increasing resistance. The resistance when measured cold is orders of magnitude higher than when the hot element trips the RCD. Presumably caused by the element moving by expansion/contraction.
On the type of elements we are discussing, the live and neutral terminals have a foot or so of element between them, so L - N shorts aren't normally possible.
I was around long before RCDs, and it wasn't at all unusual to see holes blown in the outer sheath of these elements, or even severed completely.
 

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Oven Replacement - RCD?
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UK Electrical Forum
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lozarus,
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brianmoooore,
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