Do some research into the companies you are applying to. Write to the MD/Proprietor by name, say why you want to work for their particular company, tell them what you have to offer and why you are different to everyone else who is asking for the same thing. Include a decent CV with as much relevant stuff as possible. No waffle. Nothing that you can't substantiate. Phone them a week after posting your letter and open the conversation with something unique to that company e.g. "I notice that you specialise in commercial display lighting...." (he now thinks you may be a customer so you have his full attention) ..."This is something that I have a particular interest in and I was wondering if you have had a chance to read the letter I sent you last week." He's probably still not sure who you are and this is your chance to get another sentence in. Your letter has probably already hit the bin so be prepared to send out another copy. When he says 'no vacancies' ask what qualities would he be looking for if he had a vacancy, and repeat the whole process every 3 months. Make sure you have sent him something in early June (exam time when his current apprentices may be finishing) and August (last chance for September intake) If nothing else, on the day he may have a vacancy he will know who you are and know you to be keen.